【作者】 李春艳；

【导师】 曾水平；

【作者基本信息】 北方工业大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 铝电解槽的阳极被称为铝电解槽的“心脏”，直接或间接的影响着铝电解槽生产正常与否和各项经济技术指标，诸如电流效率、电能消耗，吨铝阳极碳耗等。因此对铝电解槽阳极工作状态的监控和故障诊断的研究就越来越为人们所重视，逐渐成为研究的热点。该类研究对提前预报甚至及早预防故障从而实现安全生产、提高生产效率都有重要的意义。本文旨在研究铝电解槽阳极故障的现象、信号特征及其诊断方法，从而为将来进一步研究奠定基础。 为了提高阳极工作状态故障诊断的准确率，本课题在采样传统诊断信号——槽电压的基础上，引入了另外一种对阳极工作状态更加敏感的信号——阳极导杆等距压降。论文对阳极工作状态故障的机理进行了分析。利用频谱分析技术对采样信号进行频谱分析，并采用数字滤波器设计技术设计了相应的ⅡR型Butterworth数字滤波器，将信号中的低频信号和高频组分进行分离，从中提取出与阳极工作故障有关的特征量。 作者采用了模糊综合评判法对铝电解槽阳极工作状态故障进行诊断，此方法综合多种征兆因子对阳极工作状态故障进行诊断，提高了诊断结果的准确性。文中详细介绍了特征量、征兆因子、隶属函数、故障与征兆间的模糊关系、权重、诊断原则等的确定过程，然后用一个实例对这个方法进行了验证，诊断结果基本与事实相符合。 本文在分析传统阳极效应预报方法的基础上，从两种采样信号滤波的结果中提取预报特征量，结合模糊数学，提出了一种新的阳极预报方法——基于模糊数学的综合预报方法，并且给出了方法的原理及其具体的实现过程。 作者设计并实现了铝电解槽阳极工作状态故障诊断系统软件。系统主要分为三大模块：监测模块、诊断模块、阳极效应预报模块。文中简要阐述了所选用的软件平台和开发环境，主要对软件中的数据库设计与实现、多线程数据处理、串口通讯等方面进行了描述，实现了实时监测、滤波处理、历史曲线查询、报表查询、阳极工作状态诊断、阳极效应预报等功能，并且给出了诊断系统的软件操作界面。更多还原

【Abstract】 The anode of aluminum reduction cell is called "the heart of the cell", which can directly or indirectly influence the production process. It also influences the economic and technical index of the production such as electric current efficiency, the total electricity energy consumption, carbon consume per ton aluminum. Thus, the study of supervising the working state of the anode and its fault diagnosis is very important, which attracts many researchers to study. It has been a focus to the relative researchers. These studies can guarantee the safety and the high work efficiency of production by predicting the fault even the prevent of the fault. The paper mainly investigates the phenomenon of, the signal character of, the diagnosis model of the reduction cell anode fault, it can establish an solid base for further development and study.To improve the accuracy of the fault diagnosis for the working state of the anode, we make use of the signal of the equidistant voltage drop for the anode leader beside traditional signal (the voltage of the cell) . The equidistant voltage drop for the anode leader is more sensitive to the anode fault. The mechanism for the fault of the working state of anode is studied in this paper. The spectrum of the sampled signals is got using the technique of amplitude-frequency analysis, then the corresponding IIR Butterworth digital filter is designed to separate the low-frequency part and the high-frequency part using digital filter design technique. Based on the results of the filtering, characteristic parameters relative to the fault of the anode working are gained.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to diagnose the fault of the working state of the aluminium reduction cell anode. This method synthesizes symptom factors to diagnose the fault thus improves the accuracy of the diagnosis result. The determine of the character parameters, symptom factors, membership function, the fuzzy relationship between fault and symptom factors, weights and the diagnosis rules are introduced in detail.After analyzing the traditional way of anode effect prediction, this paper develops an new way to predict the anode effect: the integrative way based on fuzzy mathematic by extracting the predicting character parameters from two types signals sampled and integratingfuzzy. The principle and the process of the new way are discussed in this paper.The author designed and realized the software system of diagnosing the fault of the working state of the aluminium reduction cell anode. The software is mainly composed of three modules: monitor module, diagnosis module and anode effect predicting module. The soft platform and the development environment used are discussed briefly, then the database design and realization, multi-thread data processing and serial port communication are described in detail. The software realizes the following functions: real-time monitoring, data processing with digital filter, the history curve query and the report forms query, diagnosis of the anode state, Anode Effect prediction, and etc. The software interface is also given in this paper.更多还原