集中式多雷达系统跟踪技术研究

【作者】 吕杰；

【导师】 陈红林；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 系统工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 在信息融合的目标跟踪领域，集中式跟踪系统因其具有跟踪精度高、航迹起始速度快的优点占有极其重要的地位。虽然集中式跟踪系统有着系统结构复杂、计算负担重的缺点，但是根据一系列先进的传感器综合概念却有着强大的生命力。本文对集中式多雷达系统的跟踪算法在各个组成模块上进行了深入研究，主要研究内容如下： 1．系统地研究了信息融合的基本理论，对信息融合的目的、意义、基本原理、主要研究内容、历史与现状、应用等方面有了总体的概念；根据论文研究内容，特别对集中式多雷达系统的特点、关键问题进行了分析。 2．从空间校准、时间校准和点迹合并三方面，对集中式多雷达系统的点迹处理进行了重点研究；通过点迹处理将集中式多雷达系统的跟踪转换为单雷达多目标跟踪问题。论文详细地研究了应用模式识别中的聚类思想进行点迹合并的算法，有效地减低了状态估计的计算负荷。研究了聚类半径的选取并通过仿真验证了参数的合理性；提出了正确聚类概率这个概念，用以评价某种聚类准则下的聚类质量。 3．对单雷达的多目标跟踪理论(卡尔曼滤波、机动目标模型、航迹起始与终结、跟踪门的形成和互联算法)进行了系统的研究，以此作为点迹处理之后集中式多雷达系统跟踪技术的基础。 4．建立了空间校准、时间校准、点迹合并、航迹起始与终结、跟踪门判断和互联算法六个模块的算法模型；通过数字仿真，探讨了某些模块对跟踪结果的影响并给出相应的仿真结果。最后对分布式系统与集中式系统进行了对比研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the target-tracking field of information fusion, centralized-system take a important role because of it’s good tracking-precision and rapid track-origination. Centralized-system have complex structure and need a great deal of calculations,But by a series of advanced senseor integrated conception,it have strong vitality. All modules in the tracking algorithm of multi-radar centralized-system be studied in this paper.The main work are outlined as followed:Firstly,the basic theory of information-fusion is systemly studied. The data-fusion’s intention,significance, basic principle,content,evolution and application are systemly researched.Based on the main content,the trait and key-matter of multi-radar centralized-system are analyzed.Secondly, By studying the space-calibration,time- calibration and spot-track’unite, the spot-track of multi-radar centralized-system be importantly discussed how to deal with and the tracking problem of multi-radar centralized-system be turned single radar multi-target tracking matter.In the spot-track’unite,the clustering idear of mode-identify is used to settle the problem and the calculation load is be reduced. The selection of clustering radius is studied and the rationality of parameter is validated.The notion of right-clustering-probability is put forward and is used to evaluate the clustering quality of some clustering rule.Thirdly,the theory of single radar multi-target tracking (kalman filter algorithm ,dynamic target model, track’s origination and expiration,the form of tracking-door and association algorithm)is dicussed,which is turned the basis of multi-radar centralized-system’s tracking algorithm.Finally,the algorithm model of six modules(space-calibration, time-calibration,spot-track’unite, track’s origination and expiration, the form of tracking-door and association algorithm) are founded.The effect of some modules to tracking result are studied and their intimated results are gained. The intimation resultof centralized-system and distributed-system are compared in the end.更多还原