树立可持续发展理念搞好城市污水处理

【作者】 王志强；

【导师】 王明礼；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业化和城市进程的加快，社会生产力迅速提高，经济规模和城市规模不断扩大，人类创造了前所未有的物质财富。随之相伴的是出现了环境破坏、资源过度消耗和贫富差距加大等问题，严重威胁和阻碍着人类社会的生存和发展。这就使人类不得不深刻反思，随之，“可持续发展”便被提出来了，并且成为发达国家和发展中国家的共识和战略选择。 对于像中国这样的发展中国家，人口多、底子薄、发展时间短、工业化和城市化水平不高、自然资源的人均占有水平低、水资源分配不均衡、水污染严重且污水处理率低等，就必须既要满足全体人民的基本需求和日益增长的物质文化需要，保持较快的增长速度，又要合理配置资源，保护生态环境，支持可持续发展。 本文试图从城市水污染治理入手，围绕城市化建设和城市污水处理，以污水的治理建设生态城市，促进城市化发展，提升城市的质量，以求逐步走上可持续发展的轨道。 首先，本文从城市和城市化建设入手，从发达国家看我国的城市化进程，从水污染提出自己对中西部大中城市化建设的见解。 其次，本文详尽论述了城市污水、城市水污染、城市污水处理、污水深度处理与回用等，从而对我国城市污水处理现状及存在问题进行分析。 最后，本文从“处理好发展与环境保护的关系”、“建立相关法规”、“坚持可持续发展原则”、建立相应的制度入手，对水污染治理和可持续发展提出自己的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the rapid industrialization, urbanization and the swiftly promoted social productivity, both economy and city are continuously expanding their own size and more wealth for people ever than before. On the other hand, problems, such as destroyed environment, over consumed recourses and increased disparity between the rich and the poor, are emerging consequently to threaten the social development and the living of human beings. This makes people examine themselves and bring forward the new concept of sustainable development which becomes the common understanding and strategic choice shared by developed and developing countries. As a developing country, China has an exploded population, a weak economic foundation, a short developing time, a low level of industrialization and urbanization, a small storage of resources per person, an unbalanced distribution of water resources, a severe water pollution, and an insufficiency rate of wastewater treatment. The country has to meet its people’s demand for basic livings and their increasing demand for material and cultural enjoyment by means of high economic growth rate. Meanwhile, a scheme for rational use of its resources must be considered carefully to protect its ecological environment so that the country can sustain its development. Starting with discussion of municipal water pollution control and highlighting urban construction and municipal wastewater treatment, this paper concludes that wastewater treatment promote construction of an ecological city, boost the process of urbanization, and improve the quality of a city which can walk on a track of sustainable development.Firstly, this paper discusses China’s urban construction and its process of urbanization in comparison with developed countries, and, from a point of view of water pollution, presents opinions on constructions of large and medium cities in Middle West China. Secondly, this paper elaborates municipal wastewater, water pollution, wastewater treatment, advanced treatment and reuse, and, analyses the existing conditions and problems in the field of China’s municipal wastewater treatment. Finally, this paper presents recommendations on water pollution control and sustainable development considering the relationship between development and environmental protection, establishment of related legal regulations, fundamentals of keeping sustainable development and building of enforcement systems.更多还原