共聚法合成阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺石油驱油剂的研究

【作者】 陈晓蕾；

【导师】 王汝敏；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 材料学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用丙烯酰胺（AM）与丙烯酸（AA）水溶液共聚合的工艺方法，合成作为石油驱油剂的阴离子型超高相对分子量的聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）。主要研究了丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸共聚合的反应机理，聚合反应的时间和温度，丙烯酰胺与丙烯酸的配比、单体浓度、引发剂、金属遮蔽剂、链转移剂及氧的含量对聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）分子量，单体转化率和溶解速度的影响。确定了最佳的工艺条件：将配比为7∶3的丙烯酰胺与丙烯酸钠（反应前由丙烯酸和氢氧化钠中和制得）反应溶液放入30℃的恒温水浴中反应2.5小时，其单体浓度为30％，调整pH值为11.5，在通入氮气（N₂）的情况下加入氧化剂（NH₄）₂S₂O₈0.1％、还原剂Na₂SO₃0.1％、链转移剂异丙醇0.3％、乙二胺四乙酸二钠（EDTA-2Na）金属遮蔽剂0.09％。然后升温至55℃继续反应3小时，在反应过程中尽量保持静置。等反应结束后，将所得胶状产品取出在温度80～90℃下，干燥时间20h左右得到干燥的产品。在此优化的聚合条件下，合成了相对分子量高达2.0×10⁷，水解度在20％～30％可调，溶解时间为16小时的阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrolysed polyacrylamide with a super-high molecular weight suitable for driving crude oil in reservoir is synthesized by copolymerization of acrylamide and sodium acrylate. In this article, these factors including the molar proportion of acrylamide and soldium acrylate, the monomer concentration, the temperature and the time of copolymerization, the oxidizer concentration, the reducing agent concentration, the chain transfer agent concentration and so on that affect molecular weight and solving velocity of polyacrylamide are studied and the mechanism of copolymerization are researched. The optimum parameters of copolymerization are obtained as follows: pH value of solution is 11.5, the monomer concentration is 30%, the oxidizer concentration is 0.1%, the reducing agent concentration is 0.1%, the molar proportion of acrylamide and sodium acrylate 7:3, the chain-transfer agent concentration 0.3%, metal-shelter agent concentration 0.09%. The initial reaction temperature is 35℃. After comonomers react in the obturator for 2.5 hours, reaction temperature is hoisted to 55℃ for 3 hours. After the copolymerization, the polymer we obtained was dried at 80~90℃ for 20 hours. We can acquire the dry polyacrylamide. The super-high molecular weight polyacrylamide is obtained by using this process, with molecular weight 2.0x107 and soluble time 16 hours , hydrolytic degree being adjusted from 20% to 30%.更多还原