结构声学设计的可听化技术

【作者】 王静；

【导师】 王敏庆；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 兵器发射理论与技术， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 声学辅助设计已成为改进结构声学性能的一种有效方法，实现该方法的前提是对结构声学特性的掌握。薄板、圆柱壳、加筋板、加肋圆柱壳是汽车、轮船、飞机等交通工具中的结构组织形式，了解他们在流体介质中的声学特性有助于对他们实施有效的减振降噪措施。因此，有必要对板壳结构的声学预测和设计展开相应的研究。 板壳结构的振动问题一直是研究人员关注的课题之一。到目前为止，大部分工作是针对结构振动特性的数值分析和理论研究，结果简洁，易于量化。但对非专业人士来说，其缺乏直观性。本文利用有限元方法，结合结构振动与声辐射基本原理，对板壳、加筋板壳结构的声—振特性进行了分析，利用信号处理技术实现结构声—振特性的可听化模拟。在一定程度上，使非专业人士也可以通过声学手段了解结构的声学特性。 在软件实现方面，本文以VC为平台，使用APDL对ANSYS进行二次开发，同时利用MATLAB的信号处理工具编写了结构-声学设计一体的可听化软件。软件界面友好、使用方便、易于人机交流，可让既使不熟悉ANSYS软件的工程设计人员也能很好地借助本系统进行结构振动声学分析，同时使有经验的研究人员能够在结构设计初期对结构噪声进行初步预测和评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Acoustics assistant designing has been an effective way to improve structure with acquaintance of its acoustical character. Noise control can be well actualized with understanding of the acoustics characters of thin plate, cylindrical shell, stiffened plate and stiffened shell in liquid medium, which are the most common structure of car, aircraft and ship. Therefore, researches of acoustics prediction and designing should be carried out with high demand.The vibration of plate and shell has been highly concerned. Currently, most work has been put on numerical value analyzing and theoretical research, which has the character of concision results and easily being digitalized. However, it seems not so intuitionistic for nonprofessional people. In this paper, a study has been made of analyzing the acoustics and vibration characters of the plate & shell and stiffened plate & shell structures with FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and basic theories of structural vibration and acoustic radiation, which, to some extent, helps the nonprofessional people understand the acoustical characters of these structures through acoustical means.In this paper, a redevelopment of ANSYS has been carried out using APDL language with a plate roof of VC language. Meanwhile, a software package has been compiled with MATLAB language, which makes structure acoustics designing audibly. This software package is easy to use, which owes to its friendly interface. It provides experienced researchers much convenience for noise prediction and estimation. Even for those designers who are not familiar with ANSYS, it offers assistance to them for structure acoustics and vibration analyzing as well.更多还原