直升机旋翼多点协调加载计算机控制系统

【作者】 柳军；

【导师】 袁朝辉；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 对于直升机来说，旋翼操纵控制是其关键技术之一，对旋翼进行地面加载试验，模拟旋翼在飞行过程中所受的气动载荷，对于研究和改进直升机飞行控制系统非常重要。论文结合实际的工程项目，以某型号直升机旋翼气动载荷模拟为研究内容，对加载计算机控制系统的组成、系统数学模型进行分析和研究。同时，论文探讨了协调加载控制系统的主要技术问题，如多余力、多通道相位协调和频率漂移的控制等，并给出了系统实现的细节。 论文在介绍直升机旋翼气动力模拟加载系统的基础上，分析了加载系统的结构，建立了整个加载系统的数学模型。加载系统最为关键、也是最难解决的问题就是如何减小多余力，这也是评价加载系统品质的一个重要的指标，因此，如何通过控制策略来减小多余力是本文主要考虑的问题。论文从控制系统的结构方面，利用结构不变性原理，针对位置扰动设计专门的前馈补偿控制器，减小位置扰动的影响。同时，结合反馈控制，获取良好的跟踪性能。利用Matlab软件对系统进行了数字仿真，从仿真结果看，该方法能有效的抑制加载系统的多余力。最后，从硬件和软件两个方面介绍了整个计算机控制系统的实现，论述了整个加载系统控制律的软件实现，加载系统中的信号处理，以及协调加载中的其它技术问题和解决方案，并对系统在实际调试过程中出现的问题以及解决方法做了介绍。 目前，论文的研究成果已经成功地应用在某型直升机旋翼载荷模拟加载试验系统中，实际加载试验表明，该加载控制系统能很好的完成加载试验控制，保证系统的控制性能指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 To a helicopter, one of the key technologies is how to control the airscrew. So it is very important to simulate aerodynamic loads acting on the helicopter’s airscrew when the helicopter is flying in the air. It affords datum, which are contributed to the use of new flight vehicle. A distributed computer control system which is used in an helicopter airscrew multi-channel harmony loading test project is introduced in this paper. The paper analyses the construct and the model of the system. The technical noduses of the harmony loading system, such as multi-channel signal synchroniza -tion, signal phase modulating and frequency excursion control are discussed. The key steps and actualization details are also provided.First, a global review on the helicopter airscrew multi-channel harmony loading control system is introduced. Then on the basis of its working principle, a mathematical model of the system is constructed.Redundant force, which is produced through position disturbance, is the most important problem facing aerodynamic loading system. So how to minish the redundant force by selecting proper control strategy is a main aspect discussed in this paper. By applying the structure invariant theory in the control strategy, the feedforward-feedback control theory is applied in the control system design to reduce the redundant force. Related simulations are illustrated in Matlab and the results were satisfactory.Finally, the realization of the hole system is discussed, include the hardware and software. The digital signal processing and the technology of phase harmony are also provided. Problems appearing at work and tackling methods are both presented.Recently, the research result has been applied to the helicopter airscrew harmony loading test. The results of harmony loading test show that it has high performance.更多还原