相控阵天线波束指向精度研究

【作者】 杨晋云；

【导师】 郭陈江；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 电磁场与微波技术， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电子对抗技术的发展和外空间目标探测、控制的需要，相控阵天线已经成为当今实用雷达天线发展的主流。其中可控数字移相器的使用，是相控阵天线优越性能实现的关键，但由此引入的相位量化误差，严重影响了相控阵天线的波束指向精度。为改善这一情况，本文对相位量化误差引起的相控阵天线波束指向精度问题进行了研究。首先以单脉冲相控阵天线测角原理为基本理论出发点，利用相位控制的坐标分离技术，基于线阵、圆形阵等简单形式的相控阵天线，推导了平面阵、圆柱面阵等相控阵天线由相位量化误差引起的波束指向误差公式。接着，通过仿真实例比较了舍尾法、二可能值法、递推补偿馈相法、递推比较补偿馈相法等几种提高波束指向精度方法的优劣。二可能值法是一种随机馈相法，引入了噪声，反而使相控阵天线的波束指向精度大为降低。递推补偿馈相法和递推比较补偿馈相法的效果比较好，尤其是后者，不论是波束指向误差的极大值还是均方差都比舍尾法的小得多。不过，本文中只对简单形式的共形阵天线，如圆形阵、圆柱面阵天线进行了分析，复杂的不规则的共形阵天线的情况还有待于进行进一步的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the electronic warfare demand and the requirement of probing and tracking outer-space objects, phased array antennas have become developmental mainstream of the applied radar antennas. The key for phased array antennas with good functions is the use of controllable phase shifters. However, phase quantization errors affect the accuracy of phased array antenna beam pointing badly, which is mainly researched here. First, based on phased array antenna’s mono-pulse goniometry and separate coordinate technology about phase control, the antenna beam pointing error formula, caused by phase quantization error, is derived from linear array and circular array to planar array and cylindrical array. Then, the capacities of round-off method, two probable value method (TPVM), shift and compensate phase feeding method (SCPFM) and shift compare and compensate phase feeding method (SCCPFM), are compared in improving the accuracy of beam pointing. TPVM is a kind of random phase feeding method, which imports noise and decreases the accuracy greatly. The effects of SCPFM and SCCPFM are better, especially the latter. Their maximum and variance of beam pointing accuracy are much smaller than the results of round-off method. Deficiently, only ordinary antennas are studied here, circular array and cylindrical array, for example. Farther study about complex and anomalous conformal antennas is expected.更多还原