【作者】 陈小娟；

【导师】 韩怀芬；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以聚乙烯醇为原料，戊二醛作交联剂，采用悬浮聚合法成功制备了球状交联聚乙烯醇颗粒。并对制球过程中水溶液中的PVA含量、表面活性剂用量、戊二醛用量、反应温度、油水比等影响因素进行了研究。接着在球状聚乙烯醇表面通过活化接枝法引入了氨基酸功能基，制备了高分子螯合剂。对活化接枝法制备螯合剂的各种工艺影响条件进行了详细的研究。通过物理化学性能的测试，表明所制备的高分子螯合剂具有一定的孔径，且有良好的物理化学性能 实验研究了pH值、药剂投加量、初始浓度、接触时间以及其它金属离子共存等因素对处理效果的影响，考察了高分子螯合剂对水溶液中的重金属离子的螯合效果。结果表明，当重金属离子初始浓度为50mg/L、螯合剂投加量为0.8g/L、接触时间为60min时，pb²⁺、Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Zn²⁺在pH=7.0时的去除率达到最大，分别为98.07％、73.81％、98.96％、96.05％，而Cr³⁺在pH=5.5、处理100min后达到最大，去除率为95.29％。 将球状螯合剂用于铬渣的固化实验，对固化体的浸出毒性、抗压强度等指标进行了测试。结果表明，添加螯合剂后的固化体浸出毒性比不加螯合剂的降低了68.0％；养护7天后固化体的强度大于30MPa，符合填埋或建筑综合利用的强度要求。 最后对高分子螯合剂的合成机理进行了探讨。此外，通过红外光谱定性分析了螯合剂与重金属离子的螯合机理以及采用扫描电镜观察了高分子螯合剂的表面结构更多还原

【Abstract】 The polymeric beads of PVA were successfully synthesized by suspended polymerization in which glutaraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent. The factors such as the concentration of PVA, surface-active agent, the amount of glutaraldehyde, temperature, phase ratio were respectively studied. The macromolecule chelated agent was prepared by activating-coupling methods. The conditions for the activating-coupling experiments were discussed in detail. The chelate agent had a structure of macro-pore and an excellent performance of physical chemistry.The influence of pH quantity of chelate initial concentration treatment time and other metal ion on chelate adsorbing heavy metal was studied. The results indicated that the removal rate of Pb2+ Cd2+ Zn2+ Cr3+ were 98.07% 98.96%96.05 %, 95.29% respectively, while that of Cu2+ was lower.The intensity and the leaching toxicity of the waste forms containing PVA chelate were tested. The results showed: compared with sample without chelate agent, toxicity of leachate of waste forms reduced by68.0%. The compressive intensity of waste forms was still more than 30MPa after conserved 7 days, meeting all the standards in general construction or landfill.The synthesizing mechanism of the macromolecule was discussed in the end. At the same time IR and EMS were applied to study chelate mechanism and the structure of the chelate agent.更多还原