【作者】 朱先桃；

【导师】 杨马英；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 当前，控制领域的研究主要集中在模型的辨识、控制器的设计、控制系统的鲁棒性等方面，而很少对运行中的控制器性能进行评价。事实上，很多控制器在实际运行时难以达到设计的性能要求。因此，如何从生产过程的日常运行数据中获得一些有关控制器的性能信息，从而能够早期识别、诊断控制器的性能问题是现场工艺和控制人员都很关心的问题。近年来，工业界对控制系统性能要求的提高极大地推动了控制器性能评价与诊断的研究。 用最小方差准则来评价控制器的性能，仅需过程变量的常规闭环操作数据和过程的时间延迟特性。本文利用最小方差准则，给出了单变量、多变量及串级控制回路的性能评价方法，并对工业中两个精馏塔控制系统的性能进行了分析。分析结果表明，最小方差准则是控制器性能评价方面的一个有效和可行的基准。 本文重点是针对PID控制器的特征，对单回路PID控制系统和串级PID控制系统给出了系统的性能评价方法和诊断方法。利用最小方差准则得到二者的设定点跟踪性能和调节性能。并通过监测反馈回路振荡和响应迟钝来分析性能降低的原因以缩小原因诊断范围。仿真和液位控制实验说明该方法有效而简单。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now the research of control engineering domain mainly focus on model identification , design of controller and robustness of control systems, etc. Little has been done to the performance assessment of the running controllers. In fact, many running controllers can’t achieve the design index. So, It is a concerned problem for local technicians and control engineers that how to obtain the performance information of the controllers from the operating data so that the performance problem can be recognized and diagnosed early. Recently, the demand of high control system performance from industry promotes the development of the research of controller performance assessment and diagnosis rapidly.Only routine closed-loop operating data and knowledge of the process time delay are needed using minimum variance as a benchmark in controller performance assessment. Controller performance assessment algorithms based on minimum variance for single loop control system , multivariate control system and cascade control system are derived in the paper. Two industrial distillation column examples are given to illustrate the methods of control system performance assessment, and the results reveal its efficiency and feasibility.The main results of the paper are the systemic performance assessment and diagnosis methods for single PID and cascade PID control system, in which the set point tracking and regulation performance are evaluated using minimum variance as a benchmark. The detection methods of oscillation and sluggishness in feedback control loop are given, in order to reduce the diagnosis range of poor performance causes. Simulation and level control experiments are given to illustrate the results.更多还原