【作者】 王莉；

【导师】 张谊生；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要从共时与历时两个角度，句式与表达两个方面，对“从X到Y”及其相关格式进行了综合考察和研究。全文分三个部分： 第一部分研究“从X到Y”的同形格式与相关格式，首先指出“从X到Y”存在两个同形格式：偏正式和联合式，并详细比较了这两个同形格式在结构形式和句法功能方面的差异。然后指出，除了典型式“从X到Y”之外，实际语言中还存在大量的变化形式和变通格式，进而比较了“从X到Y”与其八个相关格式在句法功能方面的差异。 第二部分研究“从X到Y”格式的语义与表达，主要比较了“从X到Y”的两个同形格式及其他八个相关格式在语义表达方面的差异。还比较了“从X到Y”的典型式与扩展式、紧缩式中“X”和“Y”的位置差异，即端项式和列项式的差异。最后分析了“从X到Y”产生歧义的情况及原因，认为偏正式“从X到Y”一般是点线表达模式，联合式“从X到Y”则可以是点线式，也可以是点面表达模式，还可能兼有两种表达模式，当“从X到Y”可以同时表示点线表达模式和点面表达模式时，那么该“从X到Y”格式就会产生歧义。 第三部分主要从历史的角度考察“从X到Y”格式的形成与发展。首先根据从先秦至清代的历史语料，分析了“从X到Y”格式的形成，发现“从X到Y”格式最先产生的是偏正式，产生于东汉时期，到唐代时又出现了表示具体动作的“从X到Y”偏正式和“从X到Y”联合式。本章分析了“从X到Y”格式的语法化机制，认为导致“从X到Y”格式形成的机制主要是类推，而造成这个格式形成的认知原因就是人类的认知框架，即人们心理上的“完形”结构，最主要的是其中的邻近原则。本章还分析了“从X到Y”格式语义功能的演化过程，认为“从X到Y”的发展，经历了“动态行为——社会空间——物质空间——时间空间——逻辑空间”这样一个虚化过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this text, the author made comprehensive research on the "From X to Y" pattern and the related patterns from the synchronic and diachronic angle of view, and two aspects of sentence pattern and expression. It contains three parts.Part one deals with the homographic pattern of "from X to Y" and the related patterns. The author pointed out that there are two homographic pattern of "from X to Y" and compared the syntax differences between them. Besides the typical pattern, there are also a large number of varied patterns and transformations.Part two deals with the semantic meaning and expression of "from X to Y "pattern. The author compared the "from X to Y" pattern and eight other related patterns on semantic expression. The typical pattern and the expanded pattern of "from X to Y" and the position of curtail "X" and " Y" are also compared. The author analyzed the reason why the ambiguity structure appears, and pointed out that the Pianzheng "from X to Y" is generally a point-line expression pattern while the Lianhe "from X to Y" is either a point-surface expression pattern or a point-line expression pattern. But when "from X to Y" express those two pattern at one time, the ambiguity appears.Part three researched the formation and the development of "from X to Y" pattern from a historical angle of view. Firstly, according to the language materials from pre-Qin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, the author analyzed the formation of "from X to Y" pattern and discovered the Pianzheng pattern was the earliest one, around East Han Dynasty. The Pianzheng pattern which indicates specific activities and the Lianhe pattern did not appear until Tang Dynasty. Then the author analyzed the mechanism of grammaticalization of "from X to Y" pattern, and pointed out it is by analogy and the cognitive frame of people, or the psychological gestalt structure in which the adjacent principal is the most important that the mechanism of grammaticalization of "from X to Y" pattern is realized and then the evolution of semantic meaning function of "from X to Y" pattern and believed the development of its semantic meaning experienced four steps in grammaticalization of which are dynamic field, social space, material space, time space and logic space.更多还原