【作者】 宋雪岩；

【导师】 保铮；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 地面动目标检测的最大难点：1)雷达下视时地杂波特别强;2)由于平台运动，地杂波存在着空时耦合，杂波谱展宽；3)为避免距离模糊，采用较低的重复频率，但会存在多普勒模糊，地杂波谱扩散到整个多普勒域。 本文主要研究动目标检测的多通道处理方法，它利用两个以上的子天线。先对每个子天线接收到的信号进行成像处理，然后利用信号的幅相信息进行对消处理。首先，结合动目标检测方法，对机载远程战场侦察雷达实验系统录取的双通道数据的处理进行了研究。内容包括两通道均衡方法研究，波束扫描角精确估计方法研究，多普勒中心估计方法研究，方向图误差补偿方法研究，动目标的检测和干涉定位方法研究。接着，结合 MCARM（多通道机载雷达测量）数据的特点，对MCARM 数据的处理进行了研究。MCARM 数据是美国为研究 STAP 及其相关技术而实际录取的一大批机载雷达数据,有 22 个子阵。主要研究 MCARM 数据动目标的检测、定位和测速的方法，利用定位和测速信息进一步降低虚警概率的方法和相位误差补偿方法。并给出了 MCARM 数据的处理结果，处理结果表明了这些方法的有效性。 把多普勒波束锐化（DBS）技术用于波束扫描的战场感知雷达的地面动目标检测模式，可以快速得到大面积的低分辨地面场景图像，而且可同时进行地面动目标检测，并把动目标标定到场景图像上。DBS 是通过机载雷达波束照射区内的地物相对于雷达不同的速度形成的不同多普勒频率来提高横向分辨率的。针对大斜视DBS 中的距离单元走动问题，提出了一种补偿技术来提高大斜视时 DBS 的分辨率的方法。这种方法的核心是校正越距离单元走动，它是把走动校正跟距离压缩结合起来做。其方法是在距离脉冲压缩的频域参考函数上乘一个与脉冲数有关的线性相位因子。仿真结果与实测数据处理结果都表明这种方法能有效提高大斜视时 DBS的分辨率,运算量又不大。因而，这是一种有效的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The most difficult problem in Ground Moving Target Detection (GMTD/GMTI) is as follows. 1)The ground clutter is very strong when radar works in its down-look mode. 2) The clutter has thecharacter of space-time coupling and the clutter spectrum spreads due to the movement of platform.3) The lower repeat frequency results in Doppler blur and the clutter spectrum spreads in the wholeDoppler domain. This dissertation mainly discusses GMTI based on real multi-channel data, which uses two ormore sub-apertures. We make Doppler Beam Sharpening (DBS) for the receive signal of everysub-aperture, then make difference image. Firstly, The study of real two-channel data recorded bythe airborne battlefield radar is made based on the methods of GMTI, which including the study ofmethods of two-channel equilibrium, that of the precious estimate of beam scanning angle, that ofthe Doppler center, that of the compensation for pattern error and that of GMTI and that of locationof the moving target using the phase-comparison mono-pulse method. Then the study ofMulti-Channel Airborne Radar Measurements (MCARM) data is made based on the character ofMCARM data. We mainly discuss the methods of GMTI, location, and the measure of velocity, thedecrease of false alarm probability and the compensation for phase error. Furthermore, theprocessing results of MCARM are given, which proves that these methods above are effective. The using of DBS into the GMTI mode of battlefield awareness radar adopting beam scanningmay get the ground scene image at large area, at the same time, making GMTI and marking themoving target on scene image. DBS is a kind of technique which improves the resolution of airborneradar. To the problem of the across moving range bin in high squint DBS, a kind of compensatingtechnique is proposed to improve the resolution of high squint DBS. The kernel of this method is theemendation of the across moving range bin, which combines the emendation and the rangecompression. It multiplies a gene with liner phase relating to the number of pulse by the frequencyregion reference function of range compression. The results of simulation and that of processingshow that it can improve the resolution of high squint DBS and its computational load is low. As aresult, it is an effective method.更多还原