【作者】 杨晓表；

【导师】 何瑞国；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验采用亚硒酸钠和酵母硒两种硒源，在肉鸡日粮中分别添加0.1mg/kg、0.3mg/kg、0.5mg/kg水平的硒，研究不同水平下两种硒源对肉鸡生长发育、血液谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性、脂质过氧化物的量、组织硒含量及硒的表观存留率的影响。试验结果如下： 饲养试验：试验各组间日增重差异不显著(P＞0.05)，随着硒水平的增加，未出现相应的增加趋势，料重比除0.5mg/kg亚硒酸钠组较高外，其余各组间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。对照组基础日粮中含有0.061mg/kg的硒，试验中对照组日增重和料重比均正常，但对照组死亡只数高于其它各组。试验中加硒各组的鸡胸肉的滴水损失极显著低于对照组(P＜0.01)，但加硒的各组间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性，0.3mg/kg亚硒酸组显著高于0.1mg/kg酵母硒组，对照组显著低于0.5mg/kg酵母硒组(P＜0.05)，极显著低于0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组(P＜0.01)，其余各组间差异不显著。全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性随硒水平的增加而相应增加，同一硒水平下，各组间差异不显著(P＞0.05)，对照组极显著低于0.3mg/kg、0.5mg/kg的亚硒酸钠组和酵母硒组(P＜0.01)，显著低于0.1mg/kg 亚硒酸钠组(P＜0.05)。血清加硒组脂质过氧化物极显著低于对照组，0.1mg/kg、0.5mg／kg水平下差异不显著，0.3mg/kg酵母硒组显著低于0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组。各个部位的组织硒浓度中对照组均极显著低于试验组(P＜0.01)，肝硒和肾硒有明显的随着硒水平的添加而相应增加的趋势，肝硒在0.1mg/kg、0.3mg/kg添加水平下两种硒源差异不显著，0.5mg/kg水平酵母硒组显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P＜0.05)，0.3mg／kg、0.5mg/kg亚硒酸钠组与0.3mg/kg酵母硒组差异不显著(P＞0.05)；肾硒在0.1mg/kg添加水平下两种硒源差异不显著(P＞0.05)，0.3mg/kg、0.5mg/kg酵母硒组均显著高于亚硒酸钠组敷入，I硕三去学应.了皆戈不同硒源对肉鸡生长及生物学利用率的研究(l;一0.05):胰川硒在。.lln岁kg亚硒酸钠与0.1 mg众g酵母硒组间差异不显著，o.3m姚g亚硒酸钠组、o.smg瓜g亚硒酸钠组、0.3m眺g酵母硒组、o.sm妙g酵母硒组四红1问差异不显著(尸)。.05);肌肉硒在0.lmg/kg亚硒酸钠组与0.lm眺g酵母硒组间差异不显著，o.3m叭g、0.5m叭g业硒酸钠组，0.3m叭g、0.5m眯g酵母硒四组之间差异不显著;羽毛硒在o.lm姚g亚硒酸钠组与0.5m叭g、0.3m叭g酵母硒组间差异显著 (P、.0.05)，其余加硒组间差异不显著(尸>0.05)。 代谢试验:随着硒水平的添加，硒表观存留率逐渐下降，亚硒酸钠组与酵母硒组在0.卜二岁kg、o.3m叭g下表观存留率差异显著(p、一0.05)，o.sm叭g水平下表观存留率差异不显著。亚硒酸钠组内o.lmg瓜g与o.3m叭g、0.smg/kg差异极显著(p<丁0.01)，o.3m叭g、0.smg/kg之间差异不显著(p少0.05)。酵母硒组内三种水平之间差异显著，其中0.lmg瓜g水平极显著高于0.3m叭g、0.5m叭g(尸<0.01)，0.3mg吸g与0.5m叭g间差异显著(尸、0.05)。不同水平、不同硒源对肉鸡代谢能、蛋白质代谢率影响差异不显著(PO.05)。 饲养试验和代谢试验结果表明，在肉鸡日粮(基础日粮己含有0.06ltn叭g的硒)中添加0.lm叭g亚硒酸钠和0.lm叭g酵母硒均已能满足动物需要，厂万臼}之少较汀的了仁产性能。随着}」粮f一卜硒水·日内洛、，;。;:， 肉又鸟细织中的硒浓度也阳加纳加，词喂有机硒的肉玛肝、‘}子、)]，1j浙_、)i，J[ 肉及羽毛中{西浓度牧似:，尤以肝、’肾明显。有机栖的表观存留牛似l犷相 同水一平的无机硒。有机硒与无机硒对肉鸡生长性能、肉品滴水锁失、!(lL液谷肤甘肤过氧化物酶活性、脂质过氧化物影响比较，差异不显著(j，二心.05)O更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was conducted with broilers to evaluated sodium selenite and se-enriched yeast source at various dietary se levels on broiler performance , blood glutathione peroxidase activity , tissue se concentrations and Se apparent retention et al. In this experiment, se was added to dietary by 0.1, 0.3, 0.5mg/kg respectively. The results were as follows:Experiment I. Growth trial results showed that neither se source nor dietary se level had any effect (F>0.05) on daily gain and the ratio of feed to gain, compared with the no-se-fortifled basal diet which contained 0.061mg/kg se. Drip loss of meat was decreased compared with basal diet(P<0.01). But sodium selenite groups weren’t different with se-enriched yeast (P>0.05). About serum GSH-PX, 0.3mg/kg Na2SeO3 groups were higher significantly than 0.1 mg/kg se-enriched yeast group, control group was lower significantly than 0.5mg/kg se-enriched yeast and 0.3mg/kg Na2SeO3 group. There were not apparent different among other groups. Whole blood GSH-PX activity increased when dietary se level increased. At the same se level, two groups had no difference (P>0.05). The control group was lower significantly than 0.3, 0.5mg/kg Na2SeO3 and se-enriched yeast groups. Serum LPO has no difference at 0.1 and 0.5mg/kg level, se-enriched yeast groups were lowersignificantly than Na2SeO3 groups at 0.3mg/kg. Tissue se contents were influenced by both se source and dietary se level. Tissue se contents in adding se groups were higher extremely significantly than control group (P<0.01). Liver se contents weren’t significant between two source at 0.1, 0.3mg/kg se level. At 0.5mg/kg se, se-enriched yeast groups were higher significantly than Na2SeO3 groups. Kidney se contents of se-enriched yeast groups were higher significantly than those of Na2SeO3 groups at 0.3 , 0.5mg/kg se. Pancreas se contents had no difTerence between O.lmg/kg sodium selenite and O.lmg/kg se-enriched yeast. There were no difference among 0.3 , 0.5mg/kg sodium selenite and 0.3s 0.5mg/kg se-enriched yeast (P>0.05). Muscle se contents were almost same with the pancreas se contents. Feather se contents of O.lmg/kg sodium selenite were different significantly than those of 0.5mg/kg sodium selenite and 0.3mg/kg se-enriched yeast (/><0.05). There were no differences among other adding se groups.Experiment 2. Digestive trial results showed that apparent retentions were different significantly between two sources at O.lmg/kg and 0.3mg/kg se level (P 0.05). There was no difference at 0.5mg/kg se level. When the sodium selenite source was fed, the apparent retention of O.lmg/kg se level was different extremely with 0.3mg/kg and 0.5mg/kg se level ; there was no significant difTerence between 0.3mg/kg and 0.5mg/kg se level. When the se-enrich yeast was fed, the difference of the apparent retention among the three se level groups was significant (/)<0.05), and the apparent retention of O.lmg/kg se level was higher extremely significantly than that of 0.3mg/kg se level (/J<0.01). Neither se source nor se level had any effect on AME and protein metabolism rate. (/)>0.05).The results suggested when the basal diet wasn’t deficient se, O.lmg/kg sodium selenite or se-enriched yeast adding to broiler ration had satisfied withbroiler growth and got good performance. Tissue se contents increased with se level increasing in broiler ration. Tissue se contents and apparent retention were higher when organic se adding to diet. The influence of two se sources on broiler performance, drip loss, LPO, blood GSH-PX activity weren’t significant.更多还原