【作者】 韩春杰；

【导师】 阎铁；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 油气井工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 钻井实践表明，在钻井过程中钻柱的振动是不可避免的。轻微的横向、轴向及扭转振动不影响钻井的正常作业，而钻柱的共振状态会对钻井产生严重的影响。跳钻、大幅度的粘滑扭转振动以及剧烈的横向振动及涡动不仅会影响钻井速度，还容易使钻柱疲劳破坏，诱发钻井事故，大大增加了钻井成本和风险。本文针对大位移井钻柱疲劳的严重问题，分析了大位移井钻柱共振规律。以大位移井钻柱的部分或整体为研究对象，提出了钻井各种动态问题，建立了钻柱的各种动态行为的力学模型。重点分析了直井段钻进的过程和水平井段钻井过程的钻柱振动情况。分别分析了钻柱的横向振动、轴向振动、扭转振动。对于大位移井的直升段的钻进要求很高，减少振动及避免振动对钻井的干扰很重要，分析过程中采用线性分析的方法，获得了钻柱的共振频率的分布规律；对于大位移水平井段钻柱的振动问题分析，重点分析了钻柱的横向振动、扭转振动以及扭转粘滑振动和钻柱的轴向的振动，并获得了各种振动的共振频率的分布。大位移井钻柱的横向振动和扭转振动利用线性微元法，对于轴向振动的分析是：沿着轴线将钻柱离散为若干个二维杆单元，用动力有限元法进行振动分析，得到了整体钻柱结构的轴向振动方程。在分析水平井段钻柱的振动时，结合实际情况考虑了泥浆的粘滞阻力对钻柱的质量进行了修正。应用Visual Basic(VB)软件对一些复杂的数学问题进行运算并获得结果，结果表明，计算结果与实际问题基本吻合。本文的分析切合实际，对直井及大位移井钻柱因振动而引起的动态问题的分析提供依据，具有工程使用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The practice indicates, the drill string vibration is inevitably. Light lateral and axis and torsion vibrations do not affect the normal work, but the resonance state has severity effect to drill string. Jumping bit, stick-slip, torsion and big swing lateral vibration not only affect drill rate but also place premiums on accident. The drill string resonance rules are analyzed through aiming at drill string serious fatigue of Extend Reach Well (ERW) in this paper. The drill string of ERW is taken as research object, the dynamic problem is brought forward during making hole, and the mechanics model about each dynamic action is established. The drill string free vibration is analyzed about straight part and horizontal part especially. The drill string lateral vibration, axial vibration and tensional vibration are analyzed respectively. The straight part must be very straight, it is very important that vibration is reduced and avoid the vibration interfere to making hole, the linear dynamic finite element method is found, the distributing rule of resonance frequency is obtained; As for ERW vibration analysed,Then lateral vibration and tensional stick-slip vibration are analyzed mostly, the result is give, the axial vibration is analyzed with finite element method through divided the drill string into many units, then the total dynamic equation is obtained, the liquid friction is considered and the mass is modified. Some complicated moths calculates is finished with VB and the result is obtained, the result shows that the calculated result is suited for the practical problem basically. The analyze of this paper is based on the practice, it can provide bases to Straight Well as well as ERW drill string dynamic problem, it is valuable in engineering.更多还原