【作者】 葛伟亚；

【导师】 骆祖江；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 地质工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 地下水既是一种宝贵的自然资源，又是环境的基本要素。当今世界所面临的“人口、资源、环境”三大问题，都直接或间接地与地下水资源有关。随着人口的不断增长，城市及工农业的迅速发展，人类对地下水的需求量急剧增加，然而由于对地下水资源缺乏正确评价与科学管理，常常盲目扩大开采，造成地下水位下降，水质恶化，地面塌陷等一系列环境地质问题。因此，对地下水进行正确的模拟评价，是对其科学管理，并进行有效开发利用的前提和基础。 盐城市位于江苏省北部，总面积约14983平方公里。研究区内地下水主要是赋存在松散岩类孔隙中的孔隙水，含水层可分为潜水含水层、微承压(第Ⅰ承压)含水层以及第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ承压含水层。由于潜水、第Ⅰ承压水水质较差，开采量很少，目前该区主要开采第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ承压含水层中的地下水。各县市(区)重点城镇由于集中开采，且开采量较大，已形成一定规模的降落漏斗。本论文在系统分析该地区水文地质条件的基础上，将研究区主要开采层划分为五层，由上到下依次为：第一层为第Ⅱ承压含水层，第二层为第Ⅱ承压弱含水层，第三层为第Ⅲ承压含水层，第四层为第Ⅲ承压弱含水层，第五层为第Ⅳ承压含水层。根据实际资料以及部分的插值方法，建立了研究区的水文地质概念模型。在水文地质概念模型的基础上，进一步建立了研究区完整的三维有限差分非稳定流数学模型，利用目前国际上最盛行，且被各国同行一致认可的三维地下水流模拟软件——Visual Modflow对该区地下水的水位和水量进行模拟求解，最后，利用识别的参数和验证后的模型预测了今后的水位变化趋势和可开采量。 建立的三维模型反映了研究区地下水系统的本质特征，再现了地下水的水位动态、运移规律，能为地下水水位预报、资源评价和地面沉降的控制提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Groundwater is a valuable natural resource. And it is a basic element of environment. Population, resource, and environment, being the three major problems that nowadays world is confronting, are directly or indirectly relevant with groundwater. With the increase of population, the development of the urban size, industry and agriculture, the groundwater demand increases sharply. And a series of environmental geologic problems such as regional groundwater table fall, water quality worsening, subsidence and so on, have emerged in the course of exploiting groundwater due to uncontrolled extraction and poor management. So it can be said that for human being exact evaluation of groundwater resource is the premise and base of scientific management and rational utilizing groundwater.Yancheng city, located in the north of Jiangsu province, covers about 14893sq km. In this area, the groundwater mainly is pore water. Because the quality of the phreatic aquifer and the first confined aquifer is not good, the primary exploitation layers of the research area are the second, the third and the forth confined aquifers. The groundwater exploitation of the area has reach considerable scale at present. Regional cone of depression has come into being due to centralized exploitation and overexploitation in the important towns of each county/district.In this thesis the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the area are systematically analyzed, and, from top to bottom the primary exploitation layers are divided into five layers in order: the second confined aquifer, the second aquitard, the third confined aquifer, the third aquitard, and the forth confined aquifer. Based on fact data and partly insert method, the concept model of research zone is presented. Then the isoparametric finite-difference three-dimensional transient groundwater numerical model is presented. Visual Modflow, the most popular standard visualization software package approved by the hydraulic scientists and technicians on simulating the groundwater flow is used to simulate and calibrate the groundwater level and quantity of the research area. At last ,the changes of the hydraulic head and the produced quantity in the future were predicted according to the tested parameter and the modified model.This model reveals the characteristics of the system of the groundwater, reflect the pattern of change and transportation of groundwater, and it can give scientific support to the prediction of groundwater table, evaluation of resources and give scientific support to control the subsidence in Yancheng.更多还原