【作者】 张龙；

【导师】 吕征宇；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了一种以蓄电池为电源的电力驱动装置的原理和结构。该驱动装置具有大电流，大力矩短时工作的特点。针对普通蓄电池作能源的驱动装置在大电流工作条件下损害电池寿命和不能实现电池的安全充电的问题，提出了采用DC-DC变换器作驱动装置中间级的方案。该方案在保持驱动装置工作特性的前提下能有效保护蓄电池并实现能量的安全回馈。为完成该驱动装置的设计，分别对三相无刷直流电机的控制，DC-DC变换的拓扑分析和选择，蓄电池充放电管理等二个方面进行了研究。 在三相无刷直流电机的控制原理中，分析了三相无刷直流电机的等效电路，详细研究了无刷直流电机的电子换相原理，并以此延伸分析了无位置传感器情况下的无刷直流电机的换相方法。 文中还对适用于该装置的DC-DC拓扑进行了分析，经过充分比较选择了Buck电路和Boost电路两种拓扑作为该DC-DC变换器的工作拓扑。然后重点对同步整流的Buck电路进行了分析，提出该电路的三种工作模式，即Buck电流连续工作模式、Boost电流连续工作模式和混合工作模式，为在该装置中将放电和充电两个回路的整合找到了一种可行的方案。 蓄电池的充放电管理和保护是该驱动装置的主要功能之一。通过对密封铅酸蓄电池(VRLAB)的电化学原理和影响蓄电池充放电寿命的主要因素的研究。提出在该装置中对蓄电池的充放电进行限幅放电、即时充电，长期保养的管理方式。并根据该装置的具体运行状态特点提出了装置中蓄电池的工作模式。 在上述研究的基础上，本论文设计了整套驱动装置和控制系统。并成功制作出工程样品。实验数据和实际使用情况表明，该装置达到了设计的目的，在实现了大电流、大力矩驱动的同时实现了蓄电池的限幅工作和恒压限流充电。该装置的设计的思路和控制策略对进一步实现数字化和智能化控制也奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 This work presents research results on an electrical drive installation powered by battery. In usual installation, high current output do great harm to battery and shorter it’s service life. Safely charging is also important to prolong battery. To solve these problems, this dissertation bring out a new scheme that a DC-DC converter is added in the middle of battery and motor. By this method, the battery can work with low current output, however large torque also can be acquired by motor. Moreover, redundant energy can be charged to battery safely and in time. For this purpose, the research consist of three sections: Control methodology of the 3-phase brushless DC motor, Analysis and selection of DC-DC topology and Charge and discharge control for battery.With the research on the control methodology of the BLDCM, the equivalent formula of BLDCM was acquired. Then the principle of electrical commutator in BLDCM was detailed discussed. The commutation method of sensorless BLDCM was also discussed.In the dissertation, the DC-DC topology was analyzed. Buck and Boost topology were brought forward as the converter topology. Then the synchronous Buck topology was discussed in detail. Three operating mode of this topology was brought out. They were Buck current continuous mode, Boost current continuous mode and hybrid mode. It is found that the Synchronous Buck topology was a suitable topology for unifying the charge and discharge circuits.Management of charging and discharging of valve regulated lead acid battery (VRLA) is one of the most important functions of the equipment. With the research on the VRLA battery’s electrical chemistry theory and the main factor influencing the VRLA battery service life, the scheme of charging and discharging was proposed. In detail, the scheme involves discharging with limiting voltage fluctuation, charging battery in time, maintaining good service state to increasing lifetime. Then, the variety kinds of working mode were detailed proposed based on the scheme.Based the studies aforesaid, an electrical drive installation was developed and a prototype was acquired. The installation realizes a high current and large torque outputs, and satisfied battery management which is in a constant voltage-limit current mode. Proved by circuit and vehicle application experiments, the prototype was well fulfilled the purpose. The design method and control strategy was valued for future work.更多还原