个人住房抵押贷款保险研究

【作者】 吴丹华；

【导师】 柴强；

【作者基本信息】 中国社会科学院研究生院 ， 区域经济学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 个人住房抵押贷款作为启动住房消费的有效措施之一，近年来已有了长足发展。但是，个人住房抵押贷款不可避免地存在一些风险。个人住房抵押贷款保险因其风险转移和损失赔偿机制在一定程度上可以防范和化解个人住房抵押贷款风险，其重要性随着个人住房抵押贷款业务的发展逐渐为国内各大金融机构(包括保险公司)所认识。但是，目前我国个人住房抵押贷款保险尚处于起步阶段，落后于个人住房抵押贷款业务的发展，具体表现为险种和承保责任少、保费费率高、缴费方式不合理等。分析其根源，与目前相对垄断的住房金融市场有关，如抵押贷款发放机构在发放购房抵押贷款时强制要求投保等，导致保险公司缺少创新的动力。但是，随着住房置业担保这种担保形式对个人住房抵押贷款保险市场的冲击，加上入世后金融市场逐渐放开，对个人住房抵押贷款保险进行革新非常紧迫和必要。 在此背景下，本论文对个人住房抵押贷款保险进行了深入研究，全文分为四个部分： 第一部分阐释了个人住房抵押贷款保险研究的背景及其意义，指出风险的存在是个人住房抵押贷款保险存在的前提，对个人住房抵押贷款保险进行了定义，阐述了个人住房抵押贷款保险的基本职能及派生职能，并指出了住房置业担保与个人住房抵押贷款保险之间的区别与联系。 第二部分从社会经济发展、购房者、抵押贷款发放机构以及保险公司等不同的角度，分析了个人住房抵押贷款保险的作用。 第三部分阐述了个人住房抵押贷款保险的发展现状，指出我国目前仅有抵押房地产财产损失保险、个人住房抵押贷款保证保险以及个人住房抵押贷款借款人人身保险这三个险种，并就保险责任条款、保险金额条款、保费计算及缴付方式条款等方面对这三类险种中的几个不同保险产品进行了比较分析。 第四部分分析了我国个人住房抵押贷款保险发展中存在的问题，认为现存的问题有保险责任范围过窄、保险金额计算方式不够准确、保险产品设计不够合理等，并提出一些相应的对策；此外，论文还设计了个人住房抵押贷款保证分红两全保险等三个创新险种。 第五部分介绍了美国个人住房抵押贷款保险、房地产产权保险以及荷兰个人住房抵押贷款寿险，并提出了将这些国外的成功经验与中国实际相结合的初步构想。 总之，本文比较系统、全面地对个人住房抵押贷款保险进行了研究，提出了一些新观点，设计了一些新险种，在一定程度上完善了我国个人住房抵押贷款保险的险种结构；同时，对个人住房贷款保险市场发展中的问题进行了分析并提出了解决的对策，可供政府和住房抵押贷款发放机构及保险公司参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an effective means to stir up residential consumption, Residential Mortgage Loan has been developed very quickly in recent years. However, there are still some inevitable risks. Because of its risk transfer and loss compensation functions, Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance can prevent the risks of Residential Mortgage Loan to a certain extent, so its importance has been revealed gradually. And now, in our country, Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance is only in the beginning of its development, far from mature. We can see that there are few insurance products and insurance liabilities, etc.. As to the reason, I think it due to the monopolization of residential financial market to a great extent. For example, mortgage loan borrower is obliged to buy insurance, otherwise is not able to get the money. And this leads to insurance companies lack of momentum to innovation.However, with the impact of Housing Loan Guarantee, and gradual opening of Chinese financial market, renovating Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance is imperative under the situation. Deep study is done on Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance by this thesis, and there are four sections:The first section expatiates background and significance of the study on Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance, makes a clean definition of this insurance, points out that precondition of Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance is existence of risks, and sets force functions of Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance.The second section analyses effect of Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance from four different positions, such as positions of loan provider, housing buyer, etc..The third section sets force actuality of Chinese Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance, finds out that there are only three categories now, and compares several provisions between products from different insurance companies in same categories.The fourth section brings forward problems that exist in Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance now, and gives several relative measures. Furthermore, three new insurances are put forward in this part.The fifth section recommends three kinds of Residential Mortgage Loan Insurance from other countries, and some ways are put forward in this section.更多还原