【作者】 王晓红；

【导师】 张恒庆；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 细胞生物学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用电感耦合等离子光谱法对大连沿海13个菲律宾蛤仔种群个体中的8种重金属残留量进行了测定分析；用RAPD方法对10个不同地理种群的菲律宾蛤仔的遗传多样性进行了研究。结果表明：1.计算重金属的残留指数，认为把IPB作为评价海域污染程度参考性指标是合理的。以IPb作为参考性指标来反映不同海域的污染程度:大长山，小孤山，大口井，盐场，杏树屯，小平岛，石灰窑，营城子，哈仙岛和广鹿岛为清洁；大魏家和后山洋为尚清洁；大连湾为轻污染。2.菲律宾蛤仔具备对海水水质进行监测的条件，具有潜在的环境价值。3.用SPSS软件计算的重金属污染与遗传多样性的相关系数显示，两者无显著性相关。4.用12个10bp的寡核苷酸引物，对10个种群的100个个体进行PCR反应，共获得104个位点，其中多态位点96个，单态位点只有8个。大口井的多态位点百分率最低，为58.65%；石灰窑和营城子的最高，为71.15%， 以多态位点百分率排序为：营城子=石灰窑>杏树屯>盐场>广鹿岛=大长山>哈仙岛>后山洋>拉树房>大口井。5.根据Shannon指数计算的菲律宾蛤仔遗传多样性分布规律为：营城子>杏树屯>石灰窑>盐场>广鹿岛>拉树房>大口井>后山洋>哈仙岛>大长山，种群间遗传多样性所占比率为32.52%；由Nei遗传分化指数估算的菲律宾蛤仔不同种群的基因多样性大小顺序为：营城子>杏树屯>盐场>石灰窑>广鹿岛>拉树房>大口井>后山洋>哈仙岛>大长山，有34.18%的遗传变异存在于种群之间。6.遗传距离分析显示的结果表明菲律宾蛤仔各种群间遗传距离在0.0746-0.1732之间，符合Thorpe 提出的0.03-0.2的同种种群间遗传距离的范围。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, Eight kinds of heavy metal remnant of individual of Ruditapes philippinarum from thirteen different sites along the Dalian coast were determined by ICP-AES（Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry）；RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) was used to study the genetic diversity of Ruditapes philippinarum population from ten different sites. The content is as follows:1. Counting I of heavy metal, consider it is rational to regard IPB as references index by which we evaluate class of pollution, and result is :DCS，XGS，DKJ，YC，XST，YCZ，XPD，SHY， HXD，GLD is clean； DWJ，HSY is yet clean； DLW is gentle pollution.2. Ruditapes philippinarum has every qualification for sea water quality, and possessed latent environment value.3. The correlation ratio between metals and the genetic diversity is studied by SPSS software, and the relationship is not significant correlation．4. PCR reaction was made from the 100 individuals from the ten populations with 12 primers that are 10bp. Total 104 genetic sites have been identified. The lowest percentage at polymorphic sites is 58.65% and the highest is 71.15%. The sequence of population from low to high is: YCZ=SHY>XST>YC>GLD=DCS>HXD>HSY>LSF>DKJ.5. The distributive regulation of genetic diversity is: YCZ>XST>SHY>YC>GLD>LSF>DKJ>HSY>HXD> DCS, according to Shannon index, the rate of genetic diversity among population is 32.52%；the distributive regulation of gene diversity according to Nei index is YCZ>XST>YC>SHY>GLD>LSF>DKJ>HSY>HXD>DCS, 34.18% variation is among population.6. The result from analyzing genetic distance shows that genetic distance among different populations is from 0.0746 to 0.1732, and it is within the range of genetic distance among homogeneity population from 0.03 to 0.2 which is put forward by Thorpe.更多还原