【作者】 党小建；

【导师】 梁武科； 廖伟丽；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 水轮机蜗壳、导叶的出口流动由于各种原因实际上都是非均匀的。非均匀来流相对于导叶、叶片必然是一种非定常流。这种非定常流造成导叶和转轮叶片的激振，是产生导叶和叶片动应力，改变它们频率的最主要因素，而导叶和叶片的动力特性直接影响水轮机的稳定性。因此，为探求水轮机内部的流动规律，优化水轮机设计，为水轮机的安全稳定性运行和机组的故障诊断提供帮助。对导叶内部的流动进行流场计算和流固耦合振动特性的动力计算就显得十分必要。 本论文通过对不可压缩粘性流体的有限元方程和弹性体振动的有限元方程的分析，得到了弹性体与粘性流体流固耦合的有限元方程。运用ANSYS有限元软件计算了水轮机导叶在空气中的振动特性以及液固耦合振动的频率和振型，并对二者进行比较，分析了影响振动的因素。 通过算例表明，所采用的有限元数值模型合理，计算结果正确。更多还原

【Abstract】 In fact, the outlet flow of vane in the hydroelectric set is non-uniform flow for a variety of possible reasons .The flow is unsteady flow relative to vane and blade, and it is the main factor that affect self-excited vibration and dynamic characteristic of guide vane and hydraulic-turbine, which affect directly the power set to run safely and stably. Hence, they that flow field calculation and dynamical computation of fluid-solid coupling dynamic characteristics are carried out to search flow law in the hydraulic turbine, optimize the design of scroll casing, guide vane, blade and draft tube, and they can apply useful to the monitoring and fault diagnosis system of hydroelectric set as well.FEM equation of fluid-solid coupled vibration was constituted by analyzing FEM equation of incompressible viscosity fluid and elastomer. Based on the equation, vibration characteristics of vane in the air and frequency and swing of fluid-solid coupling vibration are calculated by using ANSYS. Finally calculation of fluid-solid coupling vibration of blade was forecasted on the step by comparing the two vibration characteristics, at one time, the main factor that affect the vibration was analyzed. Finally, the analysis examples were presented combined with some real data from hydroelectric set, they showed that numerical simulationof fluid-solid coupling for vibration in this paper is more available and the natural frequency of guide vane in water is lower than that of in air.更多还原