【作者】 冯成洪；

【导师】 周孝德；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 富营养化已成为我国湖泊、水库的重大环境问题。湖泊水库的富营养化发生机理相同，一起研究的可行性较大。但是，富营养化的发生所受影响因素较多，不同水域其决定因子有所不同，必然要求对其研究应结合水体实际状况、体现针对性。博斯腾湖是我国典型的内陆高原大型浅水湖，糯扎渡水库是典型的河道型深水库。它们是我国西部内陆湖泊和西南大型河道型水库的典型代表，本文以此为例探讨这两类水体富营养化评价、预测和防治的研究方式。 本文首先对博斯腾湖和糯扎渡水库的水文及污染状况进行调查，给出两水域的污染源分布、发展趋势。由此，分析两水域富营养化的各种影响因子，寻求合适的评价、预测模型。通过对两水域富营养化现状的评价，验证几种典型模型对两水域富营养化评价的可行性，得出两水体各断面富营养化水平。并在此基础上，预测博斯腾湖限制因子总磷、总氮浓度以及湖泊整体营养水平在2010年前的逐年分布，预测2010年不同频率水文工况下的湖内各点营养水平分布，并从理论上分析预测博斯腾湖富营养化发生的可能性。四种预测方案结果全面给出了博斯腾湖在各种工况下的营养水平分布，为博斯腾湖富营养化总量控制以及重点区域污染防治提供依据。同时，本文还预测出糯扎渡水库建成后库区沿程以及各典型断面的逐月营养水平分布，分析库区各江段富营养化发生的可能性，为建库过程中重点区域、重点水期的污染防治工作提供理论指导。 最后，根据两水体富营养化评价和预测结果，结合国内外富营养化防治的实际经验，探讨我国类似湖库富营养化防治措施，给出博斯腾湖和糯扎渡水库两水体合理的富营养化防治措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eutrophication has become the most important problem of lakes and reservoirs in our country. Lake and reservoir have the same eutrophication mechanism, so it is feasible to research the two water areas together. But the occurrence of eutrophication bears some factors, different water area has different decisive one, which requires research combined with the actual condition of water body and embodies pertinence. Bosten is a typical big shallow lake in west inland altiplano in china and NuoZhaDu is the typical river-type reservoir. They are the representations of west inland lakes and west-south river-type reservoirs in China. According to the two water bodies, this paper has probed into the research on the eutrophication assessment, predication and management in these two type of water bodies.In this paper, hydrology and pollution level in Bosten Lake and NuoZhaDu Reservoir were firstly investigated. Distribution and development trend of pollution source were presented. Thereout, appropriate models for assessment and predication have been saked through the analysis of eutrophication influence factors in these two water bodies. After the eutrophication assessment of the actual condition in these two water bodies, the feasibility of several typical assessment models have been validated and eutrophication level of every section in the two water bodies have also been given. On the basis of assessment .yearly distribution of TP and TN concentration and the whole water’ s eutrophication level of Bosten lake before 2010 have beendiscussed. In addition, this paper have also predicated eutrophication level of every spot in this lake in different hydrology year of 2010 and theoretically analyzed the probability of eutrophication. All these research programs mentioned above were to provide foundation for eutrophication gross control and pollution prevention in key water field in Bosten Lake. Simulately, to provide theory guidance for pollution prevention and cure in key section and key time during the building process of NuoZhaDu reservoir, month-by-month distribution of eutrophication and the eutrophication probability along the reservoir and in every river section have also predicted after the construct of NuoZhaDu. According to the result of assessment and predication in these two water bodies, combined with the practical experience of eutrophication prevention in home and out waters, this paper have discussed some measures for eutrophication prevention and cure for similar lakes and reservoirs and also brought forward some measures for Bosten Lake and NuoZhaDu Reservoir.更多还原