【作者】 徐艳；

【导师】 张佩华；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 气管因外伤或肿瘤等疾病有时需要做切除并进行气道重建，当切除气管的长度超过直接吻合限度50mm时，就必须植入气管替代物——人工气管才能重建气管的连续性以维持气道的通畅。虽然在目前国际上对于气管替代物的研究中，具有良好生物性能的组织工程化人工气管的研究仍处于起步阶段，但是高分子材料科学和生命科学的完美结合为这种人工气管的研制提供了必要的替代材料，也为临床医学的发展开辟了新的途径，注入了新的活力。 高分子生物材料中聚合物具有一定的机械强度和加工性能，可为细胞生长和组织再生提供适宜的支架，而生物活性材料由于具有良好的生物相容性和可降解性，对组织结构的再生和修复起着重要的诱导和促进作用。本课题的研究工作旨在研制开发出以纺织物为支架、生物活性材料为涂层的新型生物复合材料人工气管，希望能够将这两类不同特性材料进行有机组合从而产生综合两者优异性能的复合体，同时通过对其各项性能的测试和分析来获得较佳的制造工艺。 本文首先选定了人工气管支架织物的编织原料为具有生物学惰性及良好力学性能的医用丙纶和具有优良生物性能的聚乙丙交酯；由于甲壳素兼具高等动物组织中的胶原和植物纤维中纤维素两者的优异生物特性，所以在本课题中采用的人工气管涂层材料为壳聚糖乙酸溶液。其次根据人工气管的理想性能特征设计了三种用作支架的管道织物：机织组织管道织物、针织添纱组织管道织物和仅采用聚乙丙交酯编织的可完全降解的针织纬平针管道织物。 考虑到涂层工艺对人工气管性能的影响，在试样制备前本课题预先考察了不同浓度涂层剂溶液的涂层效果，并以此为依据选择了效果较佳的涂层工艺用于人工气管试样的制备，保证了试样的可比性。 在试验测试部分，本课题对试样的拉伸性能和径向强度进行了测定，根据试验的结果深入研究了每种管道织物在测试过程中的不同变形作用，也得到了不同的编织工艺参数对人工气管力学性能的不同影响:原料的细度的变粗可增大人工气管各力学强度指标;机织组织管道织物中两种原料的排列方式对人工气管的拉伸性能并无明显影响而对其径向强度影响显著，其中以“1隔1”和“3隔3”的排列方式较佳。此外，本课题也对可完全降解与不可完全降解两种人工气管进行了降解性能的考察并加以对比分析，它们在降解过程中表现出的径向强度的变化趋势可以作为研制人工气管的另一项重要依据。 本课题的研究为气管替代物的研制提供了重要的理论依据和参考价值，促进和推动了纺织品在医学领域的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tracheal resection and reconstruction should be performed sometimes due to trauma or tumors, and tracheal prosthesis is preferred especially when the reconstruction of tracheal defects is more than 50mm. Although the research of biocompatible tissue-engineered trachea is still in its initial stages, the perfect integration and development of polymeric sciences and life sciences provide necessary substitutes for tracheal prosthesis.Polymeric biomaterials comprise mainly synthetic and natural materials. The former such as polymers are characteristic of certain mechanical strengths and processing properties, which can provide appropriate scaffolds for cell growth and tissue regeneration. Compared with the former, the latter which possess excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability play a crucial role in inducing and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration. The objective of this project is to properly integrate the two kinds of different materials above to develop a new type of biologic composites artificial trachea, whose basic framework is textile fabric with sequential coating of bioactive materials, and to obtain the proper fabrication technology based on the results of experiments.Firstly, after a great deal of investigation and research, the author chose polypropylene(PP) and poly(glycolide-lactide)(PGLA) as the tubular fabric material and the acetic acid solution of Chitosan as the coating material. Polypropylene display superior biomechanical properties while the PGLA fiber is characteristic of controllable biodegradability, and Chitin integrate the excellent biological properties of both Collagen and cellulose. Secondly, based on the ideal characters of artificial trachea, three types of tubular fabric were designed as the stent: woven tubular fabric; plating knitted tubular fabric and completely degradable knitted tubular fabric whichis made of PGLA only.In view of the influence of coating procedure, preferable concentration of the coating solution was selected by evaluating the different coating effect, and it was adopted in the production process of the artificial tracheal samples.Then mechanical experiments were carried out to measure the longitudinal tensile strength and radial supportive strength. Based on the testing results, the different deformation functions of the tubular fabric were obtained and we conclude that the strength indexes vary directly as the material diameter and the arrangement of the PP and PGLA has a prominent influence to the radial supportive strength of the woven artificial trachea. In addition, the degradation property of the tracheal prosthesis was investigated and this provides another important foundation for the fabrication technology of the artificial trachea.Achievements of this research have high value for reference and provide theory foundation for the investigation of tracheal prosthesis. It will accelerate the development of textile technology in medicine field.更多还原