【作者】 曹正策；

【导师】 吴森；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 能源和环境的压力使得电动汽车迎来了发展的高潮。随着电子技术的成熟，已有多种电动汽车产品投放市场。纯电动汽车由于各种原因难以保证续驶里程，因而混合动力车辆成为目前发展的重点。 使用自主开发的电动汽车数据采集及分析系统对武汉市城市公交客车的实际线路营运工况进行了大量的数据采集。通过这些数据的处理分析，表明城市公交客车低速行驶、频繁起步以及滑行和驻车的发动机怠速普遍存在着燃油经济性差和排放恶劣的状况。根据这一情况并结合混合动力电动汽车的特点提出了适用于城市公交客车的串联式混合动力电动公交客车，提出了“一线一车”个性化公交概念。 论文基于混合动力系统对其动力部件进行了科学的效率分析。通过分析指出了混合动力系统相对于传统车辆的优势和劣势所在，最后指出了整车效率最优化方法。 合理有效的控制策略是实现整个混合动力系统效率最优的关键。相比传统的控制模式，论文提出了车辆行驶区间功率平衡的功率实时自适应调节控制策略。该策略很好的解决了车辆行驶时辅助动力系统与蓄电池组之间的功率分配，并且驱动电动机采用功率控制模式以及多级动力输出切换策略，有效的控制了蓄电池的充放电电流，从而提高了整车效率。控制策略建立了混合动力系统优化选型的基础。 辅助动力单元(APU)控制系统、矢量控制交流调速驱动电动机的制动能量回收系统以及多级动力输出管理系统和电池管理系统组成了整个混合动力系统。基于功率自适应调节控制模式的混合动力多能源管理系统将这些子系统有机联系调配。 自行研制开发的电动汽车运行数据采集及分析系统采集频率达到1Hz，有海量存储和很好的抗干扰性，具有良好的通用性和数据传输能力，适应各种电动车辆的运行数据采集，为其性能指标的评价以及后续研究工作提供真实准确的数据基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electric vehicle (EV) is facing a development apex under the pressure of resource and environmental crisis. More and more EV products have been put into market with the development of electric technologies. Pure EV is difficult to meet sufficient distance, so hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) has been paid more attention recently.Vast operating data of the city bus have been acquired with the aid of data-acquisition system of the EV developed by writer. The data show the fact that the working conditions of the city bus exist lower speed driving, frequent acceleration and long-range engine idle operation which lead to bad fuel economy and emission. The series hybrid electric bus (SHEB) is referred according to the characters both of the city bus and HEV, and the concept of characteristic bus is concerned which can be described as "one route one bus".Based on the hybrid system, this thesis analyzes its components with detail. The advantages and disadvantages of the hybrid system have been researched compared to the classic vehicle, and the conclusion of efficiency optimization has been acquired.It’s the key to realize the optimal efficiency of the hybrid system that set up an effective control strategy. Compared with the other control model, this thesis proposes a novel strategy that the power of the APU is adaptively regulated based on the power balance of the driving cycle. This strategy effectively solves the power distribution between the APU and batteries during the drive of the HEB. The power control model and multi-torque switching strategy of the driving motors control the charging-recharging current of the batteries within a wide range, which contribute to the improvement of the efficiency. The foundation of type selection and optimal matching for the hybrid system is established.APU system, AC induction motors driving system, multi-torque output system, regenerative braking system and battery management system make of the hybrid system. All the subsystems are integrated systematically by themulti-energy resource management system.Operating-data-acquisition system for EV developed by writer has the characters as follow: high sampling frequency, vast storage, anti-jamming, general-purpose interface bus, data transmission ability and etc. The system can well adapt to the EV operating data acquisition, which provides true and correct data for the valuation of the EV performance and following research work.更多还原