【作者】 尹东；

【导师】 盛建龙；

【作者基本信息】 武汉科技大学 ， 采矿工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 地压控制或称地压管理是采矿设计、采矿方法试验和采矿开采过程中的第一重要问题。地压控制的基本理论就是掌握开采过程中巷道和采场围岩的应力、应变分布规律，开采结构系统的变形和破坏情况，并采取合理的措施，控制开采系统有害的变形和破坏，保持开采系统的稳定性，保证生产的安全。为了有效地完成开采过程中的地压控制工作，就必须首先对开采过程中的地压活动规律有充分的了解和认识。通过开采过程中的现场监测，实时掌握开采地压显现情况，为及时采取相应的措施控制有害的地压活动，防止开采系统的失稳破坏提供了保证。 为此，本论文根据武钢余华寺铁矿的生产实际情况，从以下几个方面开展了研究工作。 1、通过对采场巷道收敛的监控量测，分析影响巷道围岩收敛的主要因素，利用神经网络的非线性和具有学习和记忆的功能，本论文建立了针对采场巷道收敛的神经网络预测模型。然后用训练样本训练网络模型，并用检验样本对模型进行了检验。 2、研究了不同质量分级的围岩稳定性，尽可能的针对不同等级围岩提出相应的支护方案，通过建立有限元模型，进行了基于岩石质量分级的巷道收敛数值研究，计算不同外力环境下的收敛情况以及塑性区范围的位置与大小，从而为巷道的稳定性以及支护方案的选择提供理论依据。 3、通过分析影响锚喷支护效果的因素，本论文提出了基于巷道围岩收敛预测的锚喷支护的设计方法，并给出了具体的设计依据，最后针对余化寺矿锚喷支护施工现状，提出提高支护效果的具体措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pressure control is the most important matter in the mining planning, mining method experimentation and mining process. Its basic theory includes the control of the distributing laws on the stress and strain of laneway’s wall rock in mining activity, and the deformation and failure of extraction structural system, and the control of the negative progress tendency by taking rational measures for the sake of mining system stably and production process safely. In order to finish pressure control effectively, we first understand the ground pressure activation rules fully in the extraction process, we must regularly supervise the ground pressure locally, duly master it emerge occasions in mining works and so prevent the mining system from losing its stability.This paper is based on the production practice of YuHuaSi Iron Mine, and several sections are studied in the paper.In the first chapter, the most factors are analyzed of influencing the convergence of laneway’s wall rock by virtue of supervision and survey. Because the system of artificial neural network has characteristics of adaptability, non-linearity, self-study and memorial function, in this paper, BP neural network model is founded for forecasting the convergences of laneway rock mass. After having learnt the sample cases, the problem model is tested by the classified samples and very good predicts results are got.Secondly, the stability of surrounding rock mass with different engineering quality classes is studied. Aiming to be able to select the suitable supporting method according to the specific engineering quality of surrounding rock mass, the finite element analysis is performed. With the help of FEM, the convergences of roadways are studied based on the rock mass quality classification. Meanwhile, the area and the position of plastic zone around the roadway are calculated. That can serve as the theoretical basis of selecting the suitable supporting method.Thirdly, in this paper, a new design method based on above predicts results on shotcrete and bolt support was brought forward and its material design rule was provided after expatiating its mechanics principia and studying on all design methods. Finally, the influencing factors of shotcrete and bolt support are analyzed, and so the improvement measure are advised for YuHuaSi mine.更多还原