【作者】 李洁；

【导师】 叶小梁；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（文献情报中心） ， 情报学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 国家创新系统主要是从国家整体的角度来考虑创新活动，目的是提高国家整体的创新能力。而整体创新能力不仅依赖单个要素的创新能力，而且更依赖于它们相互间的作用，以及它们与制度、环境等之间的关系。而且创新也是个系统化的过程，是不同阶段、不同机构以及机构内部不同部门之间相互作用的结果。研究国家创新系统中的知识流动，是为了提高创新效率，提高系统整体的创新能力。 本文首先对国家创新系统理论和研究现状作了概括介绍，然后从R&D合作、合著论文、技术转让、人员流动等几个方面分析了美国、日本和我国的国家创新系统中的知识流动状况，并从加强创新主体间的R&D合作、促进大学和研究机构向企业的技术转移、加强知识产权保护、促进中介机构建设、促进人员合理流动等五个方面分析和比较了美日中三国的促进知识流动的政策。最后得出结论，应该采取以下几方面的政策措施来完善我国的国家创新系统中的知识流动：增强企业的吸收能力、鼓励企业参加科技计划、设立产学研联合开发基金、防止大学和研究机构的过度商业化以及加强基础设施建设等。 本文采用的研究方法有：文献调研、比较研究、定量分析等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of National innovation system (NIS) is to improve the whole country’s innovation ability. To the whole national innovation system, it is dependent not only on the innovative ability of individual key elements, but also on their mutual functions and relationship with system and environment. As far as innovation itself is concerned, it’s the result of interaction among different stages, different institutions and different branches of the same organization. That is to say, it is a systematic process. For the purpose of improving the efficiency of innovation and the innovation ability of the whole country, studies on the knowledge flows in the NIS is of great importance.Firstly, the national innovation theory is introduced. Secondly, using four indexes such as R&D cooperation, collaboration thesis, personnel mobility and technology transfer, this paper analyses the knowledge flows in the NIS of USA, Japan and China. Thirdly, the author compares the policies in promoting these three nations’ knowledge flows from R&D cooperation, technology transfer, intellectual property protection dynamics, and personnel mobility, etc. The conclusion is: for promoting the knowledge flows of the NIS of our country, it’s necessary to improve the absorbability of enterprises, encourage enterprises to participate in S&T activities, set up joint fund, prevent universities and research institutions from excessive commercialization, strengthen infrastructure construction, etc.Research approaches adapted in this paper are: the document surveys, comparative research, quantitative analysis, etc.更多还原