基于矩阵结构的大学学科组织结构创新研究

【作者】 段丹；

【导师】 邹晓东；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 学科是大学学术组织存在的本质特征。大学传统的三大基本职能——人才培养、科学研究和社会服务，无不是以学科为基础单元来进行划分和组合的。学科组织结构问题，是大学职能完成的基本问题。 纵观我国大学学科组织结构的发展历史，无论是最初的“校—系—专业”三级结构，还是后来衍生出的“校—院—系”结构、“校—系—研究所(室)”结构、“校—系／系级研究所—研究室”结构等等，都属于直线职能制结构。但随着跨学科研究的兴起以及交叉科学的发展，传统的“学校—学院—学系”三级管理体制正在逐渐瓦解，代之以多种多样的若干中间组织层次和基层组织类型；以往单一的直线职能制学科组织结构迫切需要调整与创新。本文研究的主题就是构建一种新的大学学科组织结构，以满足各种学科、跨学科组织共同发展的需要。 本文在借鉴组织结构的相关理论以及美国麻省理工学院、日本名古屋大学、浙江大学等国内外高校学科组织结构创新的相关经验的基础上，针对直线职能制学科组织结构的弊端，提出了基于矩阵结构的大学学科组织结构构想。该结构兼顾学科导向与问题导向，以满足大学学术创新的需要。论文还针对矩阵式学科组织结构可能出现的种种问题进行了探讨，力图通过改革教师管理格局、运用控制强度系数进行控制等措施保证该种学科组织结构的可操作性。矩阵式大学学科组织结构的基本单元为课题组，课题组的形式及规模可大可小，纵向可以发展为学系、学院，横向可以发展为研究所、研究中心等，并将最终扩展到整个学校；大学研究院作为矩阵式学科组织结构的管理服务组织，对其进行管理、协调与服务。最终通过矩阵式学科组织结构的运作使整个大学的学科建设与学术创新显现出更加灵活高效的状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Discipline is the basic character of university’s academic organization structure, the conventional function of university: teaching, researching and serving, which are all based on discipline. The discipline organization structure is the basic problem of university.In a word, the history of university’s discipline organization structure is from "university-department-major"to"university-school-department","university-departme nt-institute","university-institute-lab", etc. They are all kinds of Functional Structure. But as the appearance of interdisciplinary research, the conventional "university-school-department" structure has begun to collapse, it will be placed by kinds of skeleton organizations. So the former discipline organization structure needs to be changed and innovated. In this paper, We should conceive a new one to satisfy the needs of developing discipline and interdisciplinary organizations.The paper makes reference to the theories about organization structure innovation and the experiences of some native and foreign universities, such as MIT, Nagoya Univ, Zhejiang Univ. Aims at the abuses of the Functional Structure, brings forward the meshwork structure of discipline that is based on matrix theories. It combines "discipline-oriented" and "problem-oriented" to meet the needs of academic innovation. The author also conceived the potential problems of the meshwork structure of discipline, gave some countermeasures. Research group is the basic cell of this matrix structure of discipline, it’ s form and scale can be big or small, can develop into a department or school lengthways ,or a institute, research center athwartships, finally maybe expand to whole university; Academe is the service of the structure, it’ s task is to manage, harmonize,serve the matrix structure. We believe academic innovation and discipline constructing will be more efficient and flexible by exerting the matrix structure of discipline.更多还原