【作者】 李兰；

【导师】 王盘兴；

【作者基本信息】 南京气象学院 ， 气象学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文用夏季(6-8月)中国东北地区91个测站44年气温资料，对该区夏季气温的气候平均和异常场进行分析，采用谐波分析将异常变化的年代际、年际尺度分量分离，分别分析两种尺度上气温异常的时空特征，最后应用REOF进行了气温异常的区划，研究局域异常变化的年代际、年际分量的变化特征。结果发现：1)东北夏季有三个异常高温高发区和三个异常低温高发区。全区性异常高温(低温)阶段出现在上世纪80年代后(70年代)。2)东北夏季气温异常最主要的空间分布型为全区温度变化的一致性。其时间系数总体看存在较明显的2-3年振荡，同时在上世纪70年代末有一次年代际的跃变。3)东北各站夏季异常方差中，东北大部分地区的气温异常的年代际变化分量均明显大于年际变化分量。4)区域气温异常的年代际变化主要特征为线性上升趋势。大范围异常高温(低温)夏季常出现在年代际、年际异常同时为正(负)的年份。5)气温异常可划分为南部型、北部型、东部型、西部型4个型，其中南部型和西部型的年代际变化相对重要，而东部和北部的年际变化相对重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 The interannual and interdecadal variations of summer temperature anomaly are studied by means of harmonic analysis, REOF based on 6-8 temperature data of 91 stations in Northeast China(NESPA) for 44 years. The results show that: l)there are three anomalous high temperature areas and three anomalous low temperature areas, and the whole area high temperature anomaly took place in the late 1980s,whereas the low temperature anomaly in the 1970;2)the spatial mode manifests identical variations in the whole area, and the temporal coefficient curve is of 2-3 year period oscillation and an interdecadal abrupt in the late 1970s;3)The variance of interdecadal component is obviously larger than that of interannual in the most part of NESPA; 4)the interdecadal variation of the temperature is mainly linear ascendance in the late 1970s, the large range anomalous high(low)temperature occurs when the interdecadal and interannual anomaly are both positive(negative) in the year; 5)the temperature anomaly is divided into four patterns: southern, northern, eastern and western patterns, in which the interdecadal variation of the southern and western patterns is relatively importance and the interannual variation of eastern and northern pattern is relatively importance.更多还原