【作者】 许榕峰；

【导师】 徐涵秋；

【作者基本信息】 福州大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 区域土地利用变化研究不仅是全球环境变化研究的一个重要方面，它对区域可持续发展和土地管理也有重要意义。面对当前日益加重的“人口—资源－环境”问题，由此引起的土地利用变化也备受关注。龙海市是福建省重要的粮食基地和农业示范区，在过去的十几年里，随着经济的快速发展和人口的大量增加，龙海市的土地利用状况发生了巨大的变化。遥感技术是进行土地利用变化动态监测，发现土地利用变化区域的重要手段。因此本文利用1989年和2000年两期的Landsat TM/ETM＋遥感图像，采用最大似然法的监督分类完成对两个时相各土地利用类型的测量，基于分类后比较法发现和提取土地利用变化信息。进一步利用数学建模来综合分析龙海市1989～2000年间土地利用变化的时空特征。从变化分析的结果可知，耕地（水田和旱地）、果园、城乡建设用地、未利用土地等主要用地类型的面积均有不同程度地变化。在此基础上，结合社会经济统计数据，揭示该地区土地利用变化的内在机制。工业的大发展、人口增长和城镇化水平提高、农业生产效益和区位交通优势推动、政府政策导向和干预、自然地理因素和灾害影响是龙海市土地利用变化的主要驱动力。专题研究Ⅰ是在GIS的支持下，从两期的计算机自动分类结果中提取出耕地图层进行空间叠加分析，分别从耕地的数量、空间变化、质量三个方面全面分析龙海市1989～2000年间耕地变化规律和空间变化趋势。专题研究Ⅱ是以九龙江口为研究对象，经过对遥感数据的大气校正、水体提取、图像增强和解译，同时引入土壤指数以突出水流中泥沙的分布、运动特征，采用灰度值密度分割的方法，对两个时相九龙江河口区悬浮泥沙分布信息进行提取和测量；基于此对九龙江河口及周围水域悬沙的运动轨迹、分布规律进行定性地分析，此外还利用掩膜和图像叠加分析的方法分析九龙江河口沿岸岸线的动态变化特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regional land use change is an important aspect of global change. The problem of population, resources, and environment are intensifying, which lead to remarkable land use change. Longhai County is an important food supplying base and agriculture demonstrating section. With the fast economical development and the rapid increase of population, the county of Longhai has witnessed significant land use changes during the last decade. Remote Sensing technology is very important for monitoring land use change and detecting land use change areas. Based on two satellite images from Landsat TM/ETM+, land use types are measured through the method of maximum likelihood classification. Land use change areas are determined and extracted by using post-classification comparison. For further study on the time and spatial characteristic of land use change in Longhai County from 1989 to 2000, the mathematical methodologies are established. The analysis of the change information indicates that land use in Longhai County has changed greatly during the study period. The areas of the main land-use type such as arable land (paddy field and dry land), orchard, built-up land, unused land, have changed in different extent. Socio-economic data are integrated with land use change data to explore the inherent mechanism in Longhai County. It is found that the main driving forces to land use change in the county include the fast development of industry, the rapid growth of population and the improvement of urbanization, the benefit of agricultural production, et al.With the help of GIS technology, arable land features that are obtained from the results of computer auto-classification, are used to spatial overlay analysis. The change law and tendency of arable land during 11 years in<WP=4>Longhai County are analyzed comprehensively in quantity, space and quality.Jiulongjiang River Mouth is used as a study case. Atmospheric correction, water extraction, image enhancing and interpreting are carried to the remotely sensed data. At the same time Soil Index is introduced to enhance the characteristic of distribution and movement of suspended sediment in the current. The distribution information of suspended sediment in Jiulongjiang River Mouth is extracted and measured by density slicing method. Based on it, the qualitative analysis is implemented for the law and transportation of suspended sediment in Jiulongjiang River Mouth. Moreover, the dynamic changes of coastal lines in Jiulongjiang River Mouth are also analyzed by mask-out and image overlay method.更多还原