【作者】 叶建勋；

【导师】 高鸿钧；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 民商法， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以交付（占有）的公示效力为基点和线索，从动产上真实权利和公示权利变动的角度，对无权处分、善意取得和回首取得中所有权的公示与保护提出了新的认识。动产以占有为公示，动产所有权变动以交付为公示。交付公示了权利的变动，使买卖合同当事人的债权结果具有了对世性的物权效力。多数情况下，动产占有人为动产的所有人，出卖动产者为动产的所有人，当非真实权利人将动产转让于第三人，也就是无权处分时，就产生了动产真实权利和公示权利的不一致。为了保护交易安全，法律更多地保护因交付产生的公示权利，放弃了对真实权利关系和原所有权人的保护。如果不顾及真实权利关系和原所有人的权利，完全保护公示权利和第三人的利益，不仅会鼓励动产的占有人和第三人恶意串通，使所有权得不到保护，动摇了民法的基础，而且违背了民法的公平原则。这就需要有恰当的制度对交付产生的公示、公信效力予以限制。在多种制度设计中，善意取得最能体现这一精神。善意取得制度建立在交付的公示效力之上，使第三人在无权处分情况下取得动产所有权，维护了交易安全。其优势不仅维护了交易安全，而且以第三人的善意为条件，使恶意的第三人不能取得动产的所有权，对动产的公示效力予以限制和平衡，恰当地保护动产上的公示权利和真实权利，即既保护善意第三人的利益又保护原所有人的利益。善意取得保护善意第三人基于公示效力取得的权利，但是，当善意取得的动产再次为无权处分人占有时，即回首取得情况下，无权处分人并不能因为动产经过两次交付取得动产所有权，动产所有权仍由原所有人取得，因为无权处分人的重新占有使休眠于该动产之上的真实权利复活了。本文主体部分分为七章。第一章介绍了本文研究的目的、意义和方法；第二章介绍了动产交付公示效力的制度背景；第三章论述了动产买卖中交付的公示效力；第四、五、六章对交付公示效力下，无权处分、善意取得和回首取得的内在联系进行了深入研究。第七章为结束语。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is about the exoteric effectiveness of Chattel’s delivery (occupancy). I put forward some new ideas about the publicity and protection of ownership in sale without legal capacity, purchase of bona fide and Repossession of chattel from a view of the transformation between actual rights and exoteric rights of chattel dominated by the delivery’s exoteric effectiveness. The exoteric method of chattel is occupancy and the exoteric method of chattel `s trade is delivery. The delivery tells the state of trade and the transfer of ownership. By this way, the result of memorandum gets exoteric effectiveness, which can against the entire world. In many cases, the person who occupies the chattel is the owner of chattel and the person who sells the chattel is the owner of chattel too. So the exoteric rights are same with actual rights after the chattel was delivered. When the occupant is not the owner and the chattel was sold, which also called sale without legal capacity, the exoteric rights are different from the actual rights. In order to protect the third party’s benefit and safety of trade, the relative law mostly protects the exoteric rights, which built on the effectiveness of delivery. At the same time, it means that law abandons protecting the actual rights on the chattel and the primary owner of chattel. If the actual rights and the ownership of the primary owner are ignored and only the exoteric rights and the third party’s benefit are protected, the law is encouraging the occupant and the third party harming the ownership of the primary owner with malice aforethought. It will destroy the foundation of civil law and breach the justice principle of civil law. So it needs an appropriate system to limit the exoteric effectiveness and the exoteric faith.In various relative systems, purchase of bona fide can embody this spirit ideally. Purchase of bona fide builds on the exoteric effectiveness of the chattel’s delivery. It can ensure the third party gets the ownership when the occupant vends without legal capacity. Purchase of bona fide ensures the safety of trade and differentiates the mala fide and bona fide of the third party. The advantage of purchase of bona fide not only protects the safety of trade, but also takes the bona fide of the third party as the<WP=5>condition. So the third party of mala fide can’t obtain the ownership of chattel and the exoteric effectiveness is limited and balanced. As a result, purchase of bona fide can protect the exoteric rights and actual rights properly. In other word, it protects the benefit of the third party of bona fide and the benefit of the former owner of chattel. Though purchase of bona fide protects the benefit of the third party basing on the exoteric effectiveness, but the untitled vender who sold the chattel can’t obtain the ownership of chattel after he occupied the chattel again. It means the untitled vender can’t obtain the ownership of chattel for two times delivery under the system of repossession of chattel. The former owner of chattel can still obtain the ownership, because the sleeping ownership on the chattel comes round.There are seven chapters in the main parts of this paper. In the first chapter, I introduced the purpose of study, methods of study and significance of this paper. In the second chapter, I discussed the system background of the chattel delivery’s exoteric effectiveness. In the third chapter, I discoursed upon the delivery’s exoteric effectiveness in chattel trade. In the fourth, fifth and sixth chapter, I studied the inner relationship of sale without legal capacity, purchase of bona fide and repossession of chattel in a view of transformation between the exoteric rights and actual rights dominated by the delivery’s exoteric effectiveness. In the seventh chapter, I made a conclusion finally.更多还原