【作者】 楚先锋；

【导师】 单军；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 住房问题一直是一个关乎国计民生的重要问题，历来备受各国政府的重视。但是我国多年来实行计划经济体制，又受到“先生产后生活”观念的影响，城市住宅的设计也受到职务级别以及住房分配的面积指标的种种限制，我国城市住房的发展严重滞后，城市居民的住房一直处于紧张的状态。1998年实行的城镇住房制度改革一下子将人们多年积累下来的压抑情绪释放了出来，住房的商品化使居民的购房热情很高，带动了房地产市场的繁荣。但在住房商品化的初始阶段，在房地产市场繁荣的背后隐藏着混乱：房地产开发商热衷于引进各种居住理念，居民在掌握了购房主动权的同时，却被各种概念弄得眼花缭乱、无所适从。在这种情况下，我们设计者一定要保持清醒，负起建筑师的社会责任。本论文以设计者的眼光对中国城市住房商品化时期住宅开发与设计的观念及发展趋势进行初步探讨。首先在第一章介绍了一下论文工作的背景——中国城市住房的商品化及房地产开发与设计的现状，然后在第二章详细剖析了目前商品住宅市场上流行的一些新概念的起源、特点、利弊，并对它们的设计方法加以总结，如SOHO居住办公模式、CBD内的居住、联排别墅TOWNHOUSE、“藏酷房”（仓库房）LOFT、新型复合型商业和居住形态MALL、亲水住宅、DINK一族和CEO家庭的居住理念等，同时也分析了在住宅区规划设计中出现的一些新事物，如社区会所、社区商业、社区园林等。第三章则以第二章的内容为基础，对我国住宅商品化时期城市住宅的发展趋势予以探讨，归纳为“五性和五化”，即：健康性、生态性、经济性、适应性、文化性、智能化、无障碍化、郊区化、个性化、产业化。最后，在第二章和第三章的基础上得出结论，无论是第二章里的哪一种概念，也无论是第三章里的哪一种发展趋势，它们的要旨都是“为了人”——为了人的健康、为了人住得舒适、为了每一个人也为了人类的子孙后代，“以人为本”的概念扩展为“广义的人文主义”——可持续发展的居住。文后还附了两个我曾经参与设计的实例——兰州康乐花园和烟台锦绣新城A区，以为佐证。更多还原

【Abstract】 The matter of the housing is always a matter of being the utmost concerned with the national economy and the people’s livelihood, so that all through the ages all countries’ governments attach importance to it. But ever since many years, our country have carried out planned economy system, at the same time have being under the influence of the concept of "production first, living last", and that the city housing design was restricted by duty level and housing’s distributive quota, all this result in a serious lag of city housing development and a long time intense condition of the city resident’s housing in our country.The city housing system reform carried out in 1998, released all the city resident’s oppression emotion that was accumulated in many years. The reform also makes the purchase housing earnest of the city resident runs high and drives real estate market flourish. But at the beginning of Housing-Merchandisize period there are some confusion under cover of the flourish of the real estate market, that is the real estate developers are wild about all kinds of inhabitation concepts. At the time of city residents master the initiative right of purchasing housing, they are dazed by those concepts and not know what course to take. Under this condition, as housing designers, we must keep sober mind and be responsible for the society duty of architects.In this paper, from the insight of a designer, writer initially discuss the concepts and tendency of development and design of city housing at Housing-Merchandisize period in China. First, chapter one introduces the background of this paper —— the Chinese City Housing-Merchandisization and real estate status in quo. Second, chapter two presents some pop concepts in presently real estate market, particularly takes apart their origin, characteristic, advantages and disadvantages, summarize their design methods, such as SOHO —— pattern of living and working, pattern of living in CBD, TOWNHOUSE pattern —— terrace houses, LOFT pattern—— warehouse (store "cool" house), MALL —— a new pattern of complex consist of business and living, pattern of housing closing to water, inhabitation pattern of DINK and CEO family, etc.. Chapter two also analyses some new things appear in the region of layout design of residential quarters, such as community<WP=5>chamber, community commerce installation, community landscape garden, etc.. Chapter three bases on chapter two, studies on the tendencies of development of city housing at Housing-Merchandisize period in our country, to make a summary is "five -ity and five -ization", that is healthy, zoology, economy, adaptability, culturality, intelligentization, nothing- hinderization, suburbanization, individualization and industrialization. Finally, based on chapter two and chapter three, chapter four draw a conclusion that no matter what concepts in chapter and tendencies in chapter three, their keys are all care about human beings —— in the interest of human beings’ health and comfort living. Here, they care about not only us everyone but also our offspring, so that, the idea centers on human beings expands into generalized humanism, that is sustaining inhabitation.At the back of this paper there are two instances that I had participated in, one is Lanzhou Kangle Garden, the other is Yantai Jinxiu Newtown Section A. The principles mentioned in my paper, to some extent, were applied to these experimental examples.更多还原