给水管网优化设计及其CAD的研究

【作者】 葛琳；

【导师】 许仕荣；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 市政工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市现代化建设的加快，配水管网建设在市政工程中占有了越来越重要的地位。由于给水管网优化技术的运用能够产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益，不仅可以节省大量的资金，而且还能改善整个管网的水力条件，因此具有很好的工程前景；然而目前管网优化技术缺乏工程实用功能，而且计算机作为一种强大的现代工具，并没能得到充分的应用。本文根据以往的文献资料及相关工程经验，针对给水管网优化设计这一课题做了深入的研究，提出利用分层分解协调算法将管网优化设计问题分解成流量优化、管径优化及管径取整三个子课题的思想，并分别采用广义简约梯度法、遗传算法与广义简约梯度法相结合的混合遗传算法及简单遗传算法来求解三个课题。本文对遗传算法作了很多的改进，采用了自然数编码技术、扩大采样空间技术、惩罚策略、算术交叉和动态变异技术，并将遗传算法与GRG法有机地结合起来，改善了遗传算法的性能，充分地提高了搜索的效率和精度。本文还开发了以优化技术为核心的给水管网CAD，实现了在CAD中自动搜索并提取管网的拓扑信息及节点流量的自动预分配，建立了管网信息的Access数据库，从而能更为方便地进行管网优化设计。此外，本文以Visual C++作为管网数据库开发平台，实现了对数据库数据的提取，优化计算以及数据反馈。最后，本文结合工程实例验证了算法以及管网CAD的实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the city modernization, municipal water supply system becomes more and more important in the municipal engineering. Because optimal technology of the water supply networks can not only save a great deal of funds but also improve the hydraulic condition of the whole network, it has better practical value. Although using optimal technology can make great economic effectiveness and social effectiveness, it lacks of practical function. Moreover, the computer that is a modern tool has not been widely used in the field. Using the literature materials and experience before, this paper makes a thorough study on optimal design of water supply networks. An algorithm of decomposing and coordination of system engineering which divides the optimization of the whole networks into three parts, i.e. optimization of water resource flow, and pipe-diameter and standardization of pipe-diameter is proposed. The three parts can be resolved by generalized contracted grads method, hybrid genetic algorithm which is the combination of genetic algorithm and GRG method separately. This paper also makes many reforms on genetic algorithm, which include using the technology of the real number code, broadening the selecting space, punishment tactics, arithmetical crossover, dynamic mutation and combining genetic algorithm with GRG method, so it brings faster searching velocity and better accuracy. Next through program Graphic databases and databases of water supply pipeline network are created by means of auto-searching the topological information of pipeline network, auto-numbering the pipelines and the joints, and measuring the length of pipelines and the flow distribution of initial pipelines from CAD. What’s more, Through Visual C++, getting data from databases, optimal design and returning data back to databases are achieved. At last, the water supply networks CAD system and optimal method is tested and verified in an example.更多还原