【作者】 钱小军；

【导师】 李浩；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 法律， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 公诉权是国家干预个人利益纠纷的产物，它所具有的权利救济和维护公益的本质和特征决定了其并不专属于刑事诉讼领域。当国家利益和社会公共利益遭受民事违法行为侵害时，检察机关代表国家提起公诉具有正当性。 民事公诉是指检察机关作为国家利益和社会公共利益的诉讼代表人，对损害公共利益的民事违法行为，依照法律规定的诉讼范围和诉讼程序提起公诉，请求法院对该违法行为依法制裁的民事诉讼制度。它具有公正、效率、制衡的价值内涵。 在民事公诉中，一方面，检察机关与对方当事人诉讼地位平等，享有同等的诉讼权利，承担同等的诉讼义务。另一方面，检察机关通过提起公诉实现对民事实体活动的监督；通过上级检察机关行使法律监督权实现对民事诉讼活动的监督。因此，检察机关具有特殊的诉讼当事人的法律地位。 检察机关在民事公诉中有实体处分权，可以参与调解或与对方当事人和解；可以撤回、变更诉讼请求；可以在侵权赔偿之诉中提出具体的赔偿金额。但行使处分权的范围与程序有严格的限制。检察机关提起民事公诉，不能排斥具有维护和监管国家利益和社会公共利益的国家行政机关行使民事诉权。非有法律的规定或行政机关的授权，检察机关不能行使民事公诉权。目前，检察机关可以对侵害国有资产、重大环境污染、垄断经营损害消费者利益三类案件提起公诉。更多还原

【Abstract】 The public prosecution power is a result that the State intervenes the individual interests disputes. It has the essence or characteristic of relief or maintain public interest, which be determined is not merely belong to field of criminal lawsuit. When the benefit of the State and social public interests are encroached on by the civil illegal acts. The Prosecutor Institution behalf of State is due.The Civil Public Prosecution defined as civil litigation system that Prosecutor Institution as representative benefit of the State and social public interests in pursuance of lawful extent and procedure of proceeding to procedure civil illegal acts that damage public interests and ask Court to judge it. As a sort of litigation system, it has justice, efficiency, restriction and balance value intension.In the Civil Public Prosecution, one hand, the status of litigation between Prosecutor Institution and adversary parties are equality, which enjoy the equal lawsuit right and undertake the equal lawsuit obligation. On the other hand, Prosecutor Institution realize that supervision for civil entity acts through prosecute, which realize that supervision for civil proceeding acts through higher level exercise legal supervision power at the same time. So, The Prosecutor Institution has the legal status of special litigant in lawsuit.In the Civil Public Prosecution, Prosecutor Institution has right of punishing entity. It can be accommodated and reconciled with the adversary parties. It can withdraw and alter the claim or put forward the size of claim in case of tort. But, The Prosecutor Institution exercise the right of punishing entity has been restricted strictat the extent and procedure. The Prosecutor Institution can not repel administrative that maintain and supervise benefit of State and social public interests exercise the civil lawsuit right. In other words, The Prosecutor Institution can not exercise the civil prosecution power unless be authorized of the administrative or law. At present. The Prosecutor Institution is able to encroach on State-run assets, take a heavy toll, monopolize and harmful to interests of consumer three sorts of cases prosecute.更多还原