【作者】 李小渝；

【导师】 陈维政；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 企业管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在知识经济发展的今天，企业的管理者开始意识到人是企业最重要的资源，招聘到人才、激励好人才，将会给企业带来巨大的财富。要使企业的人力资源真正转换为人力资本，并发挥出最好效用，企业管理者必须了解人力资本的特性，把握人力资本投资的方向和方法，并做好风险防范工作。在现代人力资本理论研究中，大量的统计数据已经证明了人力资本投资所形成的人力资本的积累和增长对国家及企业经济增长的重要推动作用。所以人力资本管理在现代企业管理中的地位越来越重要，理论界以及企业管理者开始利用经济学的视角，根据人力资本的特点分析人力资本投资。 由于人力资本投资的不确定性和长期性，使得人力资本投资的风险较大，其主要的风险有人职匹配风险、人才外流风险，激励政策风险、职业操守风险和技术变化风险等等。针对这些风险，企业应通过以下几个方面的工作进行防范：首先在进行人员招聘时要认真进行工作分析，深入了解工作的内容与特点；其次是做好人员测评工作，准确把握应聘者和员工的各方面情况，尽可能做到人职匹配，将人力资源进行最优化配置；还应该从人本管理的角度出发，做好员工职业生涯规划，员工服务以及企业文化建设；完善企业激励和约束机制。企业在进行人力资本投资时，不能因急需人才而盲目进行，应当做好人力资本投资的战略规划以及前期的准备、分析和持续性的投资工作，这样才能规避风险，取得较高的投资回报率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, the company management has realized that the employees are the most important asset in their business. If the company recruited the right persons, and also give them effective motivation, they will perform good results and better future to the company. To transform the Human Resources to Human capital, and bring it into play good roles, the company management must understand the characteristics of Human Capital and know how to do Human Capital Investment, and also need to do many works and use effective methods to prevent the risks of Human capital investment.A lot of statistics data has showed that human capital investment and the accumulation of human capital are the key factors to the economic increase in many countries and companies. Now the human capital investment becomes more important in the human resource management even than before. Company management begins to analyze the human capital investment by using the economic knowledge.Because of the human capital investment is a long term as well as uncertain investment, so it is more risky than other similar investments. There are several main risks: the first is the mismatching of job position with employee; the secondis key person resignation; the third is improper motivation strategy, the 4th is the risk of employee dishonesty and immorality; the last one is the change of market environment, Government policies and new technologies. Based on the above mentioned situations, right measures must be made to reduce the risks: first of all, we should well plan the Human Capital Investment strategy, emphasize the job analysis, well test and evaluate the candidates and employees, so as to match the job with proper person; Secondly, we should work with the individuals employee to do the staff career development plan; Strengthen staff service and build up company culture. Finally, we should set up effective motivation plan, improve employment contract and restricted conditions management according to the company policy.In this paper, we will analyze the human capital risks and the measures of how to prevent the risks in more details.更多还原