【作者】 李明睿；

【导师】 梁宁建；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，焦虑和大学生心理健康的研究已经成为心理学界研究的热点问题。本研究首先从含义、类型、结构、测量、与抑郁的关系、影响因素以及对个体的影响等多个方面，综述了当前焦虑的研究现状。通过对相关研究的分析，发现有很多值得进一步探讨的问题，如对理工科大学生焦虑的研究很少，没有一套适合中国人心理特点的焦虑问卷，焦虑研究与心理健康教育实践存在脱节等。本研究的目的是：(1)对理工科大学生焦虑状态下的行为特点进行研究，为弥补对理工科大学生焦虑研究的空白尽微薄之力；(2)尝试根据焦虑的行为特点编制有效、简洁的大学生焦虑问卷，并以此为工具对理工大学生焦虑特点进行考察。根据研究目的，特捉出如下假设：(1)理工科大学生的状态焦虑和特质焦虑，不存在年级、性别和城乡差异；(2)理工科大学生焦虑自编问卷可以提取六个行为因子，分别命名为学习、人际、就业、健康、家庭／经济和意义／价值；(3)理工科大学生在焦虑自编问卷的各行为表现维度上，存在性别、年级和城乡差异。研究对象为某大学的233名理工科大学生，研究工具为状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI Y版)和理工科大学生特质焦虑自编问卷。经研究发现，(1)理工科大学生的状态焦虑和特质焦虑，存在显著的年级差异，而不存在性别和城乡差异；(2)自编理工科大学生特质焦虑问卷具有较好的信度和效度；(3)理工科大学生在自编问卷的某些维度上，存在年级和城乡差异。接着，研究者对研究结果进行了分析讨论。并同时对大学生心理健康教育提出了几点建议。最后，研究者也对本研究的不足进行总结。虽然在研究中获得了一些较有价值的研究结果，但是在问卷的编制、被试的选取、结论的推广性等方面还需进一步完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, anxiety and psychological health education have been the hot issues of psychological research. This article reviewed the current anxiety research from the implication, types, construction, measurement, the relationship with depression, influential factor and the effects to individual of anxiety. Through the analysis, the author found many questions which served further discussion, such as the lack of anxiety research on science and engineering course undergraduates, no inventory based on Chinese psychological characteristic, and the desperation of anxiety research and psychological education, etc.The purpose of this research are (1) to investigate behavioral characteristic under anxiety of science and engineering course undergraduates; (2) to make science and engineering course undergraduates anxiety questionnaire on the basis of behavior under anxiety. From the above, the author suggested 3 assumptions: (1) the subjects’ state anxiety and trait anxiety had no significant gender, grade and city-country differences. (2) the self-formulated science and engineering course undergraduates anxiety questionnaire can be extracted six behavioral factors. (3) the science and engineering course undergraduates had significant gender, grade and city-country differences in some behavioral dimensions of the self-formulated questionnaire.State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and self-formulated science and engineering course undergraduates anxiety questionnaire were performed among 233 science and engineering course undergraduates. The results proved, (1) the subjects’ state anxiety and trait anxiety had significant grade difference, but no significant gender and city-country differences. (2) the self-formulated science and engineering course undergraduates trait anxiety questionnaire had better reliability and validity. (3) the science and engineering course undergraduates had significant grade and city-country differences in some dimensions of the self-formulated questionnaire. Subsequently,the author discussed the mechanism of the above conclusion, and offer several suggestions for undergraduates psychological health education.The shortcoming and new research direction are pointed at last. The formulation of anxiety questionnaire, the choice of subjects, and the inference of conclusion need further investigation and research.更多还原