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大学校园文化的育人功能研究

Researching on the Instructive Functions of the College Campus Culture

【作者】 刘运根

【导师】 卢娟;

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 , 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育, 2003, 硕士

【摘要】 自人类社会产生之日,文化的发展即构成了社会极其重要的一维,它与社会的其它维度尤其是经济交织在一起,相互促进、相互制约,构成了人类社会的骨架和灵魂,也共同组成了人类社会滚滚向前的洪流,构画出人类历史可歌可泣的精神画卷。文化,就其本质来说就是“人化”;文化建设归根到底是人自身的建设。因此,文化既是人的发展的内在要求,也是标志人类自身发展的尺度。 作为社会文化的一个分支,一种亚文化系统的大学校园文化是在上世纪80年代尤其是90年代“文化热”的大讨论中提出的新问题和新的实践,是在我国深化改革开放条件下出现的知识分子自我意识觉醒,是社会生活民主化和教育体制转轨条件下的同步现象。它集中反映了大学师生共同的价值取向、思维方式和行为规范,构成校园富有特色的团体意识和精神氛围。它以培养高素质的人才为目标,在培养全面素质的人才方面发挥着独特的功效。因此,进一步深入开展大学校园文化的研究,对全面推进素质教育有着重要的意义。 人的素质是一个复杂的系统,它究竟应包括哪些内容,至今人们的认识并非一致。笔者认为,人的素质系统大体包括德、智、体、美、劳以及与其相对应的才、知、心、科、文等方面,可以概括为思想政治素质、文化素质、业务素质、身体心理素质四个方面。本文力图从这四个方面入手,对大学校园文化的育人功能展开论述。具体内容由三个部分组成。 第一部分:对大学校园文化进行了基本界定。 在校园文化的研究中,由于缺乏方法论的指导,至今尚未形成统一的“校园文化”概念,笔者在总结前人研究的基础上认为,大学校园文化是大学师生为适应社会经济发展的客观要求,在长期的教育教学过程中通过学校各个层面创造、积聚并共享的,以反映师生共同信念和追求的校园精神为核心,具有大学校园特色的物质文化、精神文化、行为文化和制度文化的有机统一体。大学校园文化有六个方面的特征,即发展的先导性、主体的特殊性、内容的广阔性、形式的多样性、目标的指向性、传递的创新性。并着重阐述了先导性与创新性这两大更具大学特色,更能彰显大学校园文化育人功能的主要特征。 第二部分:阐述了校园文化的育人功能。 笔者从素质教育的四个方面展开,认为大学校园文化的育人功能主要表现在四个方面:一是综合教育功能,即培养有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的社会主义建设者和接班人的功能。大学校园文化显性隐性并驾、主体客体共融、多方知识汇通,在培养“四有”新人方面具有综合教育功能;二是思想修养功能,即培养和提高学生思想道德素质的功能。大学校园文化通过校园的整体环境、文化氛围、文化设施、群体文化活动等影响学生,教育学生学会做事和学会做人,促进其科学的世界观、人生观、价值观的形成,使之成为信念坚定、道德高尚、情趣高雅、身心健康的合格人才;三是能力培养功能,即培养学生适应社会的各种能力的功能。大学校园文化通过课程体系的改革、文化活动的丰富和对学生个性发展的正确引导,使学生学会现社会相适应的各种规范、知识、技能和生活方式,增强自主、自强意识,提高独立生活能力、组织管理能力和社会活动能力,并自觉地把个性发展与社会历史使命联系起来,把时代要求内化为自我意识,不断增强社会责任感,从而与社会环境达成一种动态的平衡与协调,缩短社会适应期;四是身心陶冶功能,即保持大学生身心健康,提高大学生身心素质的功能。大学校园文化通过开展各种文化艺术活动,加强校风和学风建设,能够帮助大学生形成优良的个性品质和积极的心理状态,树立崇高的审美理想、正确的审美观念、健康的审美情趣,对校园人的心理和行为具有潜在的激发和约束作用,从而使之形成健康的心理状态和良好的行为习惯。 第三部分:阐述了新时期大学校园文化发展面临的挑战,提出了新时期大学校园文化发展的战略目标和思路。 新时期大学校园文化建设面临来自三个方面的严俊挑战,一是由于西方文化大量涌入而导致的信仰危机、极端个人主义倾向和民族虚无主义倾向;二是由于市场经济的负面影响而导致的价值多元化浪潮;三是由于应试教育而导致的学生人格塑造的畸形和心智发展的偏狭化。 建设新时期的大学校园文化,必须树立新的战略观念和新的战略思想,这就要求我们要正视各种现实挑战,摆脱常规思维的束缚,与时俱进,在挑战目标上做到三个“毫不动摇”,一是毫不动摇地建设面向代化、面向世界、面向未来的大学校园文化,克服高校教育脱离经济建设和社会发展需要的倾向,树立善于学习世界各国优秀文化成果为我所用的时代精神,引导学生具有适应未来发展的知识、能力和素质;二是要毫不动摇地建设民族的、科学的、大众的大学校园文化,把培养师生民族精神作为重要内容,以追求知识、崇尚科学为宗旨,充分发挥校园文化对社会文化的传播示范作用;三是要毫不动摇地建设贯彻“三个代表”要求,代表先进文化发展方向的社会主义大学校园文化,坚持以马列主义、毛泽东思想和邓小平理论为?

【Abstract】 An abstract of the researching on the instructive of the college campus culture sine the birth of the human society, the development of culture play an important role in society, connecting with other elements, especially the economy whether promoting or interfering each other, from the frame and soul of human society, forming the stream of moving forward, and also depicts spiritual picture of high spirit human history. Culture is humanism to its essence, the construction of culture is the cultivation of human to the base. Therefore, culture is not only an inner requirement of the individual development and also a metric of human developments.As a branch of social culture, college campus culture as a sub-system of social culture, which presents new problems and practices, during the "Hot discussion" in the 1980s especially 1990s, is a phenomenon which coexists during the opening and the reforming when the appearing of the awareness of self-conscionsness of intellectuals and the democratization of social life and the transition of education system. It focus on the common value, sense, and behavior of college teachers and students. Its aim is to cultivate high-quality talents and give a special influence on cultivating all-round talents. So the further researching of campus culture has a special meaning in promoting the all-round education.The quality of human is a complex system. Since now, people have not form a recognition on what it contains. In this article, I consider the system concludes morality, intelligence , physics, art and labor , and the corresponding parts: capability, knowledge, mental, science and culture. Also the system can be generalized as the quality of morality, culture, career and physics. So I will start with the four ways of the all-round educating, trying to explicate the instructive function of the campus culture. The content consists of the three details.Part I Confining the definition and summarizing the basic feature of culture and campus culture.As lacking of the instruction of methodology in the researching of campus culture, the concept of campus culture can not form a recognition. Aftercomparing concluding and analysing the research of the formers, I confine it as the following: Campus culture is an organic unity which is that teachers and their students meet the needs of social economic development characterized the school material, spiritual, behaviour and systematic culture, taking teacher-and-student-cherished faith and campus culture as the core. It has six basic features, i.e. the precursor of its development, the speciality of its subject, the broadness of its content, the variety of its form, the guidance of its objective and the creativeness of its transmitting.Part II Explicating the functions of campus culture.I think the functions of campus culture can be divided into four aspects: the first is function of all-round development education, i.e. training students to be socialism constructors and successors with lofty ideals, integrity, good knowledge, and a strong sense of discipline. Campus culture contains dominant and recessive, subjective and objective and comprehensively educational functions. The second is function of ideology cultivation, i.e. training and developing students’ good morality. Campus culture educates and affects students through its atmosphere, culture facilities and mass cultural activities, which also teaches students how to behave and perform, encourages students form their outlook on the world, life and value, make them steadfast, lofty, tasteful and healthy. The third is function of training students’ abilities, i.e. training students to be able to meet the social needs. Through adjusting curriculum, enriching culture activities and guiding students’ behaviour correctly, campus culture enables students to fit in with all regulations, adapting knowledge, skills and life style in modern society, enhances their abilities to be independent and aware of self-strength, thus shortens the period of fitting in with the society

  • 【分类号】G641
  • 【被引频次】18
  • 【下载频次】2074
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