【作者】 黄晓羽；

【导师】 金东海；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 教育管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 教师教学自主权是国家法律赋予的、教师为履行教育教学职责而必须具备的基本权利。其能否充分实现关乎学生的成长、教师的发展和教育改革的深入，因而成为研究的需要。 我国《教师法》规定：教师是履行教育教学职责的专业人员。教师具有一般的公民权益和特殊的教育权利。教师教学自主权是教师特殊的教育权利中最为基本最为核心的权利，通过对专家、学者关于教师教育权的分析，我们将教师教学自主权界定为：教师教学自主权就是国家法律赋予的、教师依据教学规律和学生实际在教学工作中自主决策的一项职业性权利。 这表明：首先，教师教学自主权必须由国家法律赋予。它所体现的应是国家的意志，而不是教师个人的意志。其目的是为确保教师教书育人职责的顺利实现和教师社会地位的明显提高。 其次，教师教学自主权的行使必须在遵循教学规律的前提下。教师在教学工作中所做出任何决策，所采用的任何教学方法和手段都要有其教育学、心理学的依据，都应是针对学生的实际情况而做出的，其目的是为了学生更为全面、更为健康的发展。 第三，教师教学自主权的行使应是不被干扰的。教师运用教学的专业知识及教学经验进行教学工作，是其专业地位的体现，应排除教育行政上的不当指挥和社会上的干扰。 第四，教师教学自主权是一项职业性权力。其本质意义在于保障学生的受教育权利，因此，它与国家权力机关人员所具有的权力性质截然不同，不具备强制性。其在教学工作中，具体表现在教学内容的处理上、教学方法的选择上、教学的实验和改革上、教学过程中对学生的管理、评价上以及地方课程和校本课程的开发、实施上。 教师教学自主权的实现是市场经济和教育发展的必然需要，是教师专业化的重要保障，并有利于教师和学生的发展。 调查显示：影响教师教学自主权有效实现因素主要是考试制度的制约、不当的教育管理和教师自身素质的缺失。 保障教师教学自主权充分实现的思考：注重提高教师的法律地位和社会地位；加强教育民主化管理；改革教师评价制度；建立完善各种教师专业组织；树立教师终身专业学习思想，提高自我教育意识；加强教师职业道德建设，进一步提高教师职业道德水平；建章立制，把教师培训纳入规范化轨道；引导教师积极进行教育科研和教学实验。更多还原

【Abstract】 The right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching is the basic right entrusted by the national law. It concerns the growth of the students, the development of the teachers, and the depth of the education reformation. So it is in urgent need of studying.Our national Teachers Act provides the following: Teachers are the specialized personnel who undertake the teaching duty. Teachers are provided with the rights and interests as ordinary citizens and special rights to impart knowledge. The right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching is the most elementary and central of their special rights to teach. According to the analyses from specialists and scholars, the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching as follows: the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching is a kind of professional right which is provided by our national law and with which teachers must make policy according to the teaching regular pattern and the students’ actual level in their teaching activities.The following is made clear:First, the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching should be entrusted by the national law. It reflects the determination of the nation, but not teachers’. The purpose is to make sure that teachers can successfully do the teaching duty and that the social status of teachers can be improved obviously.Second, to exercise the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching should presuppose following the teaching regular pattern. Teachers are able to make any policy decision and adopt any teaching methods and measures in their teaching activity on the basis of pedagogy and psychology in accordance with the students’ actual situation so as to develop all-round and healthy students.Third, teachers should exercise their right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching without any disturbance. With their teaching professional knowledge and teaching experience, teachers carry out their teaching task, which embodies their professional position. And they must overcome the unsuitable command from education administration and social disturbance.Fourth, the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching is a professional one. The essential significance lies in safeguarding the rights of students being educated.Therefore, it is completely different from the nature of the rights of national government office workers. It is not mandatory. In teaching work it is manifested particularly in dealing with teaching contents, choosing teaching methods, making tests and reformation in teaching and managing and evaluating students in their teaching courses and the development and implement of the local curriculum and the school-based curriculum.Carrying out the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching, the inevitable need of the development of market economy and educational development, is an important assurance for teachers to be specialized. And it is advantageous to the development of teachers and students.It is manifested in investigation that the factors of affecting teachers carrying out the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching mainly are the restriction of examination system, the unsuitable educational management and the shortage of teachers’ quality.Here are some consideration to ensure carrying out the right for teachers’ self-regulation teaching for themselves fully.Lay stress on heightening the legal status and social position of teachers;Strengthen the management of educational democracy;Reform the system of evaluating teachers;Set up and consummate all kinds of professional organizations for teachers;Foster teachers’ ideas of lifelong professional studying;Enhance self-educational awareness;Establish rules and set up a system of bringing teachers’ training into the orbit of standardization and guiding teachers to do educational scientific researches and carry out teaching experiments actively.更多还原