【作者】 白云；

【导师】 李佩珍；

【作者基本信息】 山西医科大学 ， 流行病学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：分析山西省神经管缺损(以下简称NTDs)高发的危险因素，为制定预防措施提供依据。 方法：以2001年3月到2002年1月间在山西省27个NTDs高发县中分娩NTDs儿的152例产妇作为病例组，选择同期分娩正常儿的152例产妇作为对照组进行NTDs危险因素的病例对照研究。对七类32项因素逐一进行logistic单因素分析(α=0.05)。将单因素分析有意义的因素引入多因素logistic回归模型分析，并对引入方程的可分级因素用趋势x~2检验进行线形回归分析。 结果：将单变量引入logistic回归模型，在α-0.05水平上有意义的保护因素有文化程度高、经常摄入新鲜蔬菜、水果。有意义的危险因素：直系亲属分娩出生缺陷儿、孕次、产次、发热、出疹性疾病、妊娠巨吐、先兆流产、贫血、农药、化肥、噪声、磺胺类药物、抗生素、避孕药、止吐药、发芽土豆、丈夫吸烟，P＜0.05。将单因素分析有意义的因素引入logistic多元回归模型，在α=0.05水平引入回归方程的因素为发热、出疹性疾病、农药、经常摄入新鲜蔬菜和丈夫吸烟，OR分别为7.251，7.840，5.952，0.370，2.209。可分级因素经常摄入新鲜蔬菜和丈夫吸烟山西医科大学硕士学位论文经趋势xZ检验，p<0.05，说明上述因素与NTDS存在剂量一反应关系。 结论:山西省NTDs的危险因素为发热、出疹性疾病、农药和丈夫吸烟，经常摄入新鲜蔬菜对预防NTDs的发生有一定的保护作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives: To understand the risk factors of neural tube defects (NTDs ) and make a effective measure for protection.Methods: A case-control study was conducted. 152 puerpeants with NTDs as a case group and 152 puerperants with normal newborns as a control group, were collected from 27 counties of higher incidence of NTDs in Shanxi. The risk factors of NTDs were analyzed using the logistic regression.Results: Single variable logistic analysis showed that protecting factors were high educational level, fresh vegetable and fruits, and risk factors were the parental relatives with NTDs, gravidities, parities, fever, viral disease, hyperemesis grvidarum, threatened abortion, hypoemia, agricultural chemicals, fertilizer, yawp, sulfnamids, antibiotics, contraceptives, meclizine, budding potato, husband smoking. The multi-variables logistic regression analysis showed that fever, viral disease, agricultural chemical, fresh vegetables, husband smoking were associated with NTDs.(OR= 7.251, 7.840, 5.952, 0.370, 2.209). The statistics analysis also showed that there was dose-response relationship between fresh vegetables and husband smoking with NTDs.Conclusion: Risk factors of NTDs were fever, viral diseases, agricultural chemical and husband smoking, fresh vegetables is a protecting factor.更多还原