【作者】 郑智谦；

【导师】 王民；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 教育， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 作为中等师范学校人文学科的基础学科——历史学科记述了人类社会文明发展的历程，蕴涵着丰富的内容。历史课在发展学生的思维能力，增进学生的历史智慧，提高学生的人文素养，帮助学生树立正确的人生观、世界观、价值观等方面具有重要的地位。这一切要求历史教师在向学生转授这些有限知识的同时，培养学生历史思维能力，让学生用日渐增进的思维能力去探求无限的知识与智慧。 中等师范学校的职前教育特点，决定了它在历史教学上有别于高中阶段的特征，它更强调学生在充分掌握知识的基础上，对历史知识的灵活应用，更强调学生独立思考和研判问题能力的培养。根据从事历史教学几年来的经验和对中师生思维能力培养的实践研究和探索，我认为培养中师生历史思维能力的途径是：以历史课堂内、外合理的教与学的流程设计和实施为基础，培养中师生的材料研习和运用能力、形象思维能力、逻辑思维能力、创造性思维能力、综合解决问题的能力等。通过教师的引导，学生在学习历史时去发现历史的本相，从历史现象中去揭示本质，从感性升华到理性，在偶然中发现必然，在学习、研究历史过程中总结出科学观。遵循这些科学观来研究历史，发现和说明人类历史发展的规律，阐述历史发展的进程。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a basic subject of humanities in secondary normal schools, the subject of history records the course of development of civilization in human society, and possesses rich contents. The history lesson has an important role to play in developing students’ thinking ability, enhancing their historical intelligence, improving their humanity accomplishment, as well as helping them establish the righteous outlook on life, world and value. All of the above require history teachers not only to impart the relevant knowledge, but also to foster historical thought in students, enabling them to pursue the boundless knowledge and wisdom with their improving thinking ability. The characteristic of a pre-professional education in secondary normal school determines its unique feature of history education from that of senior high school. It focuses on the application of historical knowledge on the basis of firm grasp of the knowledge itself. Furthermore, it emphasizes on nurturing students’ independent thinking, researching and judging ability. From many years of my history teaching experience, and the practical research and exploration done on how to foster students’ thinking ability, I personally feel that the way to develop students’ historical thought is to nurture their case studying and application skills, concrete thinking, logical thinking and creative thinking skills, as well as comprehensive problem solving skills by the technological process of designing and applying the teaching and studying rationally both inside and outside classrooms. Under the teacher’s instruction, students could discover the truth features of history, reveal the nature from appearance, raise their cognition from perception to ration, seek for necessity from contingency and summarize the outlook on science during their study on history. By following the outlook on science, the students can discover and illustrate the law and the course of the development of the human history.更多还原