【作者】 邹标；

【导师】 郑元庆；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 教育， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 化学是建立在实验基础上的一门自然科学，实验也是中学化学教学的基础。通过实验我们不仅可以帮助中学生形成化学概念，加深对化学基本原理和基础知识的理解，掌握基本的实验技能，而且，通过观察实验现象，并加以分析、推理和判断等思维活动，将有利于培养中学生的观察能力、思维能力和想象能力，因此，实验教学是实施全面化学教育的有效形式。 在化学实验课中，最生动、最活跃的教学形式是综合性实验和设计性实验。本文较为深入地探讨了在中学化学教学中开展综合性实验的必要性、可行性的原则下，并着重在兼顾科学性和可行性的原则下，具体设计了7个中学化学综合实验。设计时，我们注意将有关化合物的制备、性质和应用有机地综合起来，力图少一点枯燥的验证式和注入式实验，我们还将实验教学与生产实际和生活实际相联系，使学生更多地接触实际，开拓视野，以激发学生通过实验探究事物本质的兴趣。在编写每个实验的时候，我们还注意多提一些启发性问题，引导学生积极思维，培养学生的思维能力，有一定独创性。 因为在中学化学实验教学中，如何更好地开展综合性实验教学还是一个新问题，我们只是作了一些初步尝试，其目的是抛砖引玉，希望有助推动中学化学实验教学的深入改革。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chemistry is science based on experiment and experiment is basis of middle school chemical teaching. Through experiments we can help middle school students form chemical ideas, deepen their understanding of fundaments and basic knowledge of chemistry and master basic experimental skills, Besides, it can help foster middle school students’ abilities of observation thinking and imagination through watching chemical phenomenon together with analyzing reasoning, and deciding. Therefore, experiment teaching is an effective way of comprehensive chemical teaching.Of all chemical experiments, the most vivid and active teaching method is comprehensive and design experiments. The following paper discuses the necessity, feasibility and designing principle of carrying out comprehensive chemical experiments in middle school. There are also seven comprehensive experiments applicable to middle school students, when designing these experiments, we synthesize the preparation, nature and application of chemical compound, lessening the dull experiments that use test-verify way and spoon-feeding way of teaching.In addition to this, we connect experiment teaching with practical production and real life, opening up the students field of vision and arousing their interest in probing things. While compiling these experiments, we raise some inspiring questions. Lead students to think actively and cultivate their think abilities.To carry out comprehensive experiments in middle school is a new question for study. Here we just have a preliminary try at it, aiming to get more valuable opinions. We hope our ideas will help promote. Further reform in the teaching of middle school chemical experiment.更多还原