渗铝钢在炼油厂典型腐蚀环境中的耐蚀性研究

【作者】 周世文；

【导师】 徐忠耀；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着原油酸值的升高和硫含量的增加，我国炼油设备的腐蚀越来越严重，典型类型如氯化物、高温硫以及高温环烷酸腐蚀等。这些腐蚀对于设备的安全运行及使用寿命带来极大的危害，经常出现腐蚀泄漏，严重威胁着装置的正常生产。采用传统的碳钢材料已不能满足生产的要求；采用普通不锈钢材料，不但成本较高，且效果也不十分理想；而用高档不锈钢材料如316L等价格又昂贵。渗铝钢在这种场合是一种比较理想的材料，它对于防止氯化物、高温硫及高温环烷酸等腐蚀，具有十分良好的耐蚀性能。 本文首先介绍了炼油设备的腐蚀状况，重点分析了氯化物、高温硫及高温环烷酸典型腐蚀机理和特点、设备易蚀部位及危害等。并有针对性地提出采用耐氯化物、高温硫及环烷酸等腐蚀材料—渗铝钢，运用实验数据对比论证了渗铝钢优越的防腐性能，特别对于这几种典型腐蚀具有优良的耐蚀性和实用性。通过工业应用验证了渗铝钢的耐腐蚀性能优于不锈钢，这是由于铝铁合金在高温下形成的钝化膜具有很高的抗腐蚀性能。此外，渗铝后表面显微硬度比母材高2～3倍，因此耐冲蚀性更好。通过使用渗铝钢，延长了炼油设备的运行周期，保证了装置安全平稳生产，经济效益和社会效益十分显著，值得在相关行业推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because crude oil acid vaule and sulphur content is increasing, the refinery equipments corrosion is more and more serious.The typical examples are chlorinate, high temperature sulphur and high temperature cycloparaffin acid corrosion. These corrosion do great damage to equipment’s safe operation and shorten service life. The leakage result from corrosion occurs very frequently and seriously threaten the unit’ s safe operation. The traditional carbon steel can’t meet the demand of safe operation. If using ordinary stainless steel material, not only the cost is very high, but also the effect is not good. On the other hand, the high-class stainless material, such as 316L, is too expensive. The aluminum diffused steel is ideal material to suit to the situation. It can inhibit the chlorinate, high temperature sulphur and high temperature cycloparaffin’s corrosion and has good corrosion stability.The refinery equipments corrosion situation, equipment easily corroded parts and its harm are introduced and chlorinate, high temperature sulphur and high temperature cycloparaffin’s corrosion reason is mainly analysized in this article. The aluminum diffused steel which is corrosion resistant to chlorinate, high temperature sulphur and cycloparaffin and so on is specially put forwarded. The aluminum diffused steel’s property, specially it’s excellent corrosion resistance to several typically corrosive medium mentioned in this article and its pratical application is demonstrated and compared by experimental datas. The commercial operation demonstrated that the corrosion resistance performance of the aluminum diffused steel was superior over that stainless steel,which contributed to the excellent corrosion resistance performance of the aluminum oxide film formed of the aluminum iron alloy at the high temperature, besides, the surface micro-hardness was 2 ~ 3 times greater than that of the base steel after aluminum diffusion, which made the steel more resistant to erosion. With aluminum diffused steel application, the refinery eqquipments’ operation period is prolonged and unit’ s safe and smooth operation is assured. The economy and society benefits is very striking. It is worthy to popularize in some relevant industries.更多还原