热电联产集中供热系统节能技术分析与环保效益评价

【作者】 李纪峰；

【导师】 崔峨； 李晨光；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 动力工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 热电联产集中供热具有明显地节约能源、改善环境、提高供热质量、增加电力供应等综合效益。热电厂的建设是治理大气污染和提高能源利用率的重要措施，是集中供热的重要组成部分，是提高人民生活质量的公益性基础设施。本文以大连染料化工集团公司自备热电站为例，对热电联产集中供热系统进行了节能技术分析与环保效益评价，具体进行了以下方面的研究： (1)根据我国能源利用现状及燃料供应以煤碳为主的特点，热电联产集中供热方式具有明显地节能和环保效益，是实现可持续发展的重要手段和措施。 (2)热电联产节能效益分析与计算的常规方法是热经济性指标法，即热力学第一定律计算法，这只是说明能量数量利用总的效果，没有阐明系统各组成部分的热力学完善程度。本文采用了(火用)分析与计算方法分析了系统中能量损失的数量和部位，为节能技术改造提供有效的依据。 (3)热电联产的热经济性和环保效益主要取决于原则性热力系统的拟定及主设备性能的选择，特别是锅炉和供热机组的类型和参数的优选。本文依据企业热负荷的数量和特点，优选装机方案和机组参数，并进行详尽的分析与计算，得出一些有益的结论。 (4)热力管网是热电联产集中供热系统的重要组成部分，本文根据热力管道的发展趋势，对直埋蒸汽管道的保温层厚度计算，提出采用界面温度控制法的见解，并进行编程计算，此外，还对直埋蒸汽主管道阻力损失进行编程计算的尝试。更多还原

【Abstract】 Concentrated supply of heat and electricity combination has a great benefit on saving energy, improving environment, raising the quality of heat supply and increasing the electricity supply. The construction of the plant is an important measure of dealing with the air pollution and increasing the energy utilization ratio and a very important part of concentrated heat supply as well as basic public construction, which can improve citizen’s life condition obviously. Taking Dalian Dye and Chemicals Co Ltd. self thermoelectric plant as an example, this passage has entered on the following discussion on the technical analysis of energy saving and benefit on environment protection.(1) In view of China’s present conditions of energy using and taking coal as the main energy supply, the method of concentrated heat supply of the thermoelectricity cogeneration has a great benefit on saving energy and environment continuing development.(2) Based on the thermodynamic first rule, a practical method named heat economic quota method, is employed to analyze and calculate the heat supply of the thermoelectricity cogeneration. Although it explains the total benefit on energy using, it does not demonstrate the thermodynamics perfect condition. But exergy analysis method, based on the thermodynamics first and second rules, can satisfy the thermodynamics perfect condition. Throughout the analysis and calculation of thermoelectricity cogeneration, exergy analysis method, we can know the system’s energy lose ratio and its reason, and endeavor to improve the technology for energy return.(3) Heat economic of the thermoelectricity combination and the benefit to environment protection mainly depend on principle thermoelectricity system’s conjecture and choice of the main equipment, especially including a boiler style and its heat supply solution and parameters. According to the power plant’s heat load quantity and characters, the dissertation seriously chooses equipment fixing plan and unit parameters, after analysis and calculation, derives useful results.(4) Thermal pipelines are important parts of concentrated heat supply of the thermoelectricity combination. According to the thermal lube service prospect, the paper calculates thickness of the buried steam pipe, proposes a new opinion of the interface temperature controlling method, and also attempt to determine the resistance loss of the minimal steam tubes and wrote its program.更多还原