【作者】 彭晖；

【导师】 尤光付；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 行政效率是国家机关和行政人员行政管理活动效果的重要衡量标准。提高行政效率是行政管理者所追求的重要目标，没有效率的管理是毫无意义的，离开了效率，行政管理就失去了价值。在全国进行社会主义市场经济建设的今天，解决行政效率的困境是我国面临的一个十分紧迫和艰巨的课题。 本文运用政治学、管理学、行政学的基本原理对我国地方政府的行政效率困境进行了比较全面和深入的探讨。 论文除引言之外共分三个部分： 第一部分阐述了地方政府行政效率的基本概念和有关理论。通过对有关概念的定义，指出地方政府相对于中央政府而言，更多的职责是按照程序执行上级的规定和决策，其行政效率对地方的政治、经济有很重要的意义。地方政府行政效率按不同的标准可划分为微观效率和宏观效率、技术效率和配置效率、静态效率和动态效率、组织效率和个人效率四大类，每类的衡量各有侧重，但主要的具体标准表现在行政管理系统的合理程度、行政管理流程的通畅程度以及综合社会效果的大小程度三个方面。地方政府行政效率已经成为行政管理体制改革的基本目标之一，应得到各级地方政府的高度重视。 第二部分分析了我国地方政府行政效率出现的困境及其表现和原因。地方政府传统的行政管理模式导致了行政效率困境，使人们对行政效率的价值认可、具体衡量以及行政效率的提高产生了困惑和阻力。地方政府行政效率困境直接表现为效率低下：机构林立、人浮于事、程序冗长、批文拖拉、会海难填，究其原因主要是我们对旧行政体制的改革不够深入、地方政府行政人员的素质不高、行政法制不健全、地方政府的行政管理方式和手段落后。 第三部分探讨了解决地方政府行政效率困境的主要途径。首先是积极推进行政体制改革，合理调整和设置地方政府机构和继续推进行政审批制度改革。其次是建立健全行政法律制度：首长负责制、岗位责任制、分级责任制、时效制度、激励制度、监督制度。再次是建立电子政务系统，加大行政透明度，实八 硕士学位论文 WIW MASTE厂门WISIS一 归纳而言，本文认为当前地方政府行政效率困境的出现是由其采用的旧管理模式本身的特殊性造成的。在这种提供垄断性公共服务、权力高度集中，依靠烦琐规章制度实行严密层级控制、注重投入而忽视结果的旧体制下，文中提出衡量地方政府的行政效率要将行政效率和行政效果及行政效益结合进行，并通过椎进行政体制改革、健全相关法制、建立电子政务系统以及提高行政人员素质来全面提高我国地方政府的行政效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Administration efficiency is the main standard to judge the effect of administration management activities . It’s the target for administrators to pursue. Administration will lose its value of existence and be a meaningless thing if management have a low efficiency. Today, when market economy of socialism is developing comprehensively, how to deal with the problems of the efficiency of administration becomes a very urgent and arduous question for our all to face. I have lucubrated the administration management efficiency of local government in our country thoroughly in my paper.In my thesis, I have used the basic theories of political science, management science and administration science to state my standpoints.There are three parts in the thesis except the foreword.The first part expounds the fundamental conceptions of administration efficiency of local government and relative theories. According to the conceptions, local government’s main responsibility is executing the decisions of the ruling party, the efficiency is very important to develop the politics and economy of local government. There are four types of administration efficiency of local government: microcosmic efficiency/macroscopical efficiency; technical efficiency/ combinatorial efficiency; static efficiency/ dynamic efficiency. We can measure these different efficiencies by different standards. But the main standards are: the degree of the rationality of the administrative system, the degree of the flow in the management, the general effect in the society. The basic goal of administrative management is to improve the administration efficiency of local government, which should be paid more attentions by the local government.The second part analyzes the main problems of administration efficiency of local government, and lists the manifestations and the reasons of low administration efficiency in local government. The traditional mode of administrative managementhave caused the problems of the administration efficiency of local government. And these problems make people wonder what’s the value of administrative efficiency, how to measure and improve it. Now, the administration efficiency of local government is low. There are too many institutions, too many administrators according to the affairs, too many process to resolve a question, too many conferences to hold, etc. There are four main reasons of the low efficiency. Firstly, the impact of administrative reform haven’t been increased duly. Secondly, the quality of the administrator is low. Thirdly, the legal system haven’t been set up completely. Fourthly, the way and instrument of the management are out off date.The last part spares long length to illustrate measures of how to improve the administration efficiency of local government. Firstly, local government should increase the impact of administrative reform, such as making the organization more reasonable in establishment and carrying out the reform of administrative sanction. Secondly, local government should set up and develop the administrative legal system. Thirdly, local government should set up the system of electronic government. Fourthly, local government should improve the quality of the administrator roundly.In the thesis, we can conclude that it’s the characteristics of traditional administrative management mode that cause the problems of administration efficiency. In this mode, local government provide monopolistic services, hold the centralized power, supervise the management by regulations and systems, pay more attention to input than output of the management. In order to improve the administrating efficiency of local government, we should measure the administration efficiency by consider the efficiency, the ends and the effects of the administrative management, increase the impact of administrative reform, set up and develop the administrative legal system, set up the system of electronic government, improve the quality of the administrator roundly.更多还原