【作者】 陈应武；

【导师】 张新虎； 沈慧敏；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 植物病理学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过田间调查和室内制作、鉴定：1．明确了陇西县梨树叶肿病的病原为梨上瘿螨(Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa))；2．基本探明了梨上瘿螨的田间消长规律：梨上瘿螨于4月下旬开始为害，6月上旬瘿螨种群数量急剧上升，并形成全年的为害高峰期，8月瘿螨的种群数量开始急剧下降，达到全年的最低点；9月随气温的回落，瘿螨种群数量开始再次回升，形成当年的第二次危害高峰；10月瘿螨的种群数量逐渐降低，并寻找越冬场所越冬。全年梨上瘿螨的种群数量以6月中旬至7月底最高，为害也最为严重。3．明确了梨上瘿螨越冬种群的田间分布型为聚集分布；建立了梨上瘿螨越冬种群数量调查的理论抽样数计算公式为：N=t~2/D~2((20.7033/m)+0.395968)；4．应用4种药剂进行了梨上瘿螨的田间化学防治：施药14d后，0.2％爱诺虫清EC3000倍液、10％哒四螨悬浮液3000倍液、15％哒螨灵EC3000倍液和20％灭扫利EC4000倍液可取得良好的防治效果，其防效分别为100％、99％、100％和98％。5．应用组织切片法观察了受害叶片组织结构的变化：表皮组织向上突起，叶肉组织细胞的组织结构也发生病变，海绵组织细胞数量增加、体积增大，受害部位不断增厚、向叶背隆起，后期受害部位海绵组织细胞开始离析、解体；栅栏组织除靠近上表皮的一层细胞外，排列不再致密、有序，栅栏组织细胞由长形细胞，变为椭圆形。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the bases of identification and investigation on Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa), Longxi County, Gansu Province, the dynamics of natural population, the spatial pattern of natural overwintering population were studied,and four insecticides were tested in field.The result was as followes:(1) Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa) was collected and identificated from pear tree.(2) The dynamics of the population were studied by investigation in field:Its population density increased normally as the temperature and the peak period of the population in June.(3) The spatial patter of the natural overwintering population of Epitrimerus pyri (Nalepa) wasanalysed by calculating seven indices of aggregation parameters of Taylor model and Iwao model. It belonged to aggregated distribution. Theoretical formula for determination of the sampling numberof natural overwintering population was given: (4) To control the pest ,four insecticides were tested in field, all of them had good effects. 0.2% airuochongqing EC,15% pyridaben EC and 10% clofentezine-pyridaben FF 2000-3000 times dilution and 20% meothrin EC 2000-4000 times dilution reached 98% effect.(5) Morphological changed to pear leaves by Epi trimerus pyri (Nalepa), was examined by tissue sectioning. The number and size of spongy tissue cells increased, the tissue of injured parts protruded towards the back of pear leaves. At last, spongy tissue was broken and cells begin to be separate. At the same time, palisade tissue was also influenced.更多还原