【作者】 万红玲；

【导师】 吴建平； 张利平；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究分别对萨福克羊(15只)、波德代羊(30只)、无角道塞特羊(28只)以及土种羊(16只)的7个蛋白(酶)位点和4个微卫星位点进行了遗传检测。 用非变性聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳检测结果表明，血红蛋白(Hb)、转铁蛋白(Tf)、前白蛋白(Pr)、白蛋白(Al)和酯酶(Es)5个位点存在多态性，而X-蛋白型和淀粉酶位点则呈现单态。其中在Hb位点检测到Hb~A和Hb~B两个等位基因，组成HbAA、HbAB、HbBB三种基因型；Tf、Pr、Al分别由3个等位基因控制；Es位点由Es+和Es-—对等位基因所控制。 用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测PCR扩增结果，结果显示4个微卫星位点均表现出极其丰富的多态性。其中位点OarAE101共有9个等位基因，检测片段大小在107～147bp；位点MCM218有11个等位基因，检测片段大小为150～198bp，PIC为0.7845；位点OarCP9有15个等位基因，检测片段大小为109～163bp，PIC为0.7810；位点MCM38有12个等位基因，检测片段大小为135～179bp，PIC为0.7754。 在检测位点多态性的基础上，本文分别从蛋白质标记水平和分子标记水平对4个绵羊品种(群体)的品种(群体)内和品种(群体)间遗传变异进行估测。结果表明，由微卫星标记水平得到的品种(群体)内遗传变异远远高于由蛋白质标记水平得到的结果。由两者分别得到的品种(群体)间遗传距离和聚类分析结果表明，波德代羊和无角道塞特羊的遗传关系最近，萨福克羊次之，土种羊与3个肉羊品种的遗传关系都较远。结果同样显示，蛋白质标记虽然没有改变聚类结果，却使品种(群体)间的遗传距离缩短，微卫星标记比蛋白质标记更能反映品种(群体)间的真实遗传关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three mutton sheep breeds, Suffolk, Berderd and Poll Dorset, with indigenous sheep as a reference breed were genotyped for 7 blood protein and 4 DNA microsatellite loci by vertical non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE). Genetic variations were observed in Hb, Tf, Pr, A1 and Es .There were 2 alleles at the loci of Hb and Es , three alleles at the loci of Tf, Pr and A1. The 4 microsatellite loci all were high polymorphic ones. Allele frequency, polymorphism information content were calculated. The number of alleles for OarAE101, MCM38, OarCP9 and MCM218 were 9,11,15,and 12.The range of alleles sizes for OarAElOl, MCM38, OarCP9 and MCM218 were 107bp to 147bp, 150bp to 198bp, 109bp to 163bp and 135bp to 179bp, respectively. Polymorphism information content for OarAElOl, MCM38, OarCP9 and MCM218 were 0.6883, 0.7845, 0.7810 and 0.7754.Genetic distance between breeds(populations) were obtained using Nei’s formula to construct a phylogenetic tree. The tree grouped Berderd and Poll Dorset in one branch,and then grouped Suffolk,while the indigenous breed had its own branch,as was to be expected from their distinct genetic origin. Protein and microsatellite polymorphism appear to provide a same genetic relationship,but the genetic variation within breed(population) and the genetic distance between breeds(populations) using microsatellite markers were higher than using protein markers.更多还原