【作者】 黄贤俊；

【导师】 杨平； 刘胜根；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 船舶与海洋工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 船舶的结构强度问题，是船舶的研究、设计、建造、营运各阶段都十分关注的最重要的问题之一。与传统的货物运输不同，用于重大件运输的甲板驳或半潜驳是一种不同于一般货船的特殊船舶。在重大件运输中，驳船结构强度问题尤为突出。结构能够承受重载并安全营运，是船东和货主签定运输合同的前提。因此，本文研究的驳船强度问题，具有十分重要的现实意义。 根据实践经验，利用驳船运输重大件货物，驳船总纵强度是能够调整的，可以利用适当配载和压载很容易满足，而驳船船体局部强度则一般是不变的，也往往是令人担忧的，是必需重点考虑和必需解决的问题。 本文以一艘载重吨15000吨的大型半潜式甲板驳船(“重任1602”)装载1个超大型沉箱(11351.3吨)为例，采用“船体梁”理论进行船体总纵强度计算与校核。运用直接计算法，利用国际上相关成熟的计算程序(Ansys)，进行船体结构强度计算，即：首先建立三维舱段模型，对给定的工况，分析载荷情况，计算局部结构强度；对比较重要的结构(舷侧和横舱壁、主甲板)建立二维模型，在给定工况下，分析载荷并进行强度计算。然后依据实际情况进行了结构屈曲强度校核。最后对计算结果进行了分析和评估，发现了应力较高甚至是超出许用应力值的结构和部位，提出了结构加强建议。 文章特别对主甲板的结构稳定性进行了研究，在总结吸收前人的研究成果的基础上，详细探讨了主甲板加筋板架失稳模式。对加筋板中板的局部屈曲，采用能量变分原理推导其临界应力的解析表达式。对于加筋板中加强筋腹板的局部屈曲，则用解析法推导出筋的腹板的挠度方程及其边界条件，求解相应的方程，从而计算出腹板的局部屈曲应力。对于加筋板中筋的侧倾失稳，则通过能量法推导加强筋侧倾失稳时的总势能泛函，利用最小势能原理求解出此失稳模式下的临界应力。 最后，本文计算了主甲板的承载能力，使得在实际工程中，工程技术人员能够更好地掌握该船的装载性能。 本文的计算模式和分析研究成果，不仅是只针对“重任1602”驳船，也可广泛地应用于其他驳船，以满足相关工程需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structure strength of a ship is one of much attention-getting and the most important question in the stage of research, design, construction and operation of the ship. It is different from the traditional transportation of goods in that the deck barge to transport the heavy cargos is a special ship varying from the common ship. In the transportation of the heavy cargo, the problem of structure strength of the barge is especially standing out.It is a precondition for the contract signing between the owner and shipper that the structure can load the heavy goods and operate safely. So, there is a very important realism meaning for the dissertation to research the structure strengths of the barge.According to the practicable experiences, it is very easy to satisfy the general longitudinal strength of a barge for properly loading and ballasting. In a general way, the local strength of the barge structure is confirmable and anxious. It is a importance problem and must be solved.Firstly, the general longitudinal strength is calculated with the "hull girder" theory of a large semi-submergible deck barge (Zhongren 1602) whose carrying capacity is 15000 tons with one super large caisson(l 1351.53 tons) loading on it. With the help of the international widely-used software ANSYS, the thesis adopts the Direct Strength Method(DSM) to calculate the local structure strength. Under the defined loading, it makes up a three dimensional model to calculate the local strength of the barge, and makes up a two-dimensional models to calculate the strength of the local structres such as the side shell and transverse bulkhead and the main deck. And the buckling strength is also calculated and checked. After analyzing and evaluating the results, several suggestions about operation and structure reinforcement to meet the need of project are offered.Specially, the structure stability of the main deck is studied. After summarizing the results of former researchers, some analyses are separately performed for all kinds of buckling modes of the grillage structure. In the analysis of the elastic local buckling strength of the plates in stiffened plates, an analytical expression is derived for calculating the local strength of a stiffened plate subjected to biaxial thrust considering plate/stiffener interaction. In the analysis of the elastic local buckling strength of the stiffener’s web, the elastic critical stress is analytically derived by solving the eigen value problem involving the governing differential equation under the corresponding loading and boundary conditions. In the analysis of the elastic tripping of the stiffener, the critical stress under this mode of failure is derived by using the energy method and the principle of least potential energy .Finally, the load support capability of the main deck is calculated. Then, the work designer and operator can know accurately of the capability of the barge deck .The calculation mode and the research are not only for the barge "Zhongren 1602" but also for the other barge and relative project.更多还原