多相混输技术的研究及其应用

【作者】 刘定智；

【导师】 李长俊；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油学院 ， 油气储运工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着油气田的勘探开发逐渐转移到海洋、沙漠、极地等自然环境恶劣的地区，多相流技术得到了越来越广泛的应用。多相混输工艺也逐步成为了油气储运学科中的研究热点。由于多相混输具有许多与单相输送不同的特性，因此必须首先从理论上充分科学地认识多相流动的特殊规律，才能更好的设计、管理多相混输管线。目前，在多相混输工艺计算与仿真方法研究方面仍有许多值得探索和改进的地方。基于以上原因，本论文对多相混输工艺计算与仿真中常用的流体热物性模型、流型划分与判别方法、流动模型、本构方程等方面进行了研究。并对多相流在线仿真系统作了探索性设计，同时开发了离线多相流工艺计算软件。具体来讲，本论文作了以下几方面的工作： 第一部分，通过目前常用烃类流体热物性的研究，得出了求解烃类流体物性参数的热物性模型。其中着重讨论了湿天然气、油气两相和油气水三相混输管路中适用的热物性计算模型。 第二部分，从已发表的实验结果和流动机理出发，总结了目前国内外常见的分析方法，给出了判断油气两相水平、垂直、倾斜管线流型的具体方法。对于油水两相、气液液三相流管线则给出了水平、垂直管线的流型判别方法。 第三部分，从多相流动基本微分方程出发，通过引入不同的假设条件，得出了各种计算模型，并给出了相应算法，为多相混输管线的工艺计算提供了依据，是开发多相混输工艺计算软件的理论基础。 第四部分，根据多相管流的外观特征，建立了多相流具体流型分析的几何模型。从各流型参数间的相互关系出发，总结了求解多相流管路中各流型具体结构参数的方法，并对段塞流这一特殊流型作了更详细的分析。 第五部分，通过对单相在线仿真系统的研究，提出了实施多相流在线仿真系统的思路，并对本学科涉及较少的数字信号处理方面作了详细阐述，对已开发的离线仿真系统作了软件说明。 通过本论文的研究工作，对多相混输工艺的设计、计算、软件系统开发等方面，在理论研究和分析方法上有一定发展，其结果对开发其它的多相混输工艺分析系统也具有一定理论和实用性指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the exploration and exploitation petroleum to the area of the ocean, desert and polar region, the multiphase flow technology has been applied in many occasion. The multiphase mixture transportation technology became the research hotspot to oil-gas storage and transportation subject Multiphase mixture transportation has many characteristics differenced from single phase transportation. So we must fully and scientifically realized the special disciplinarian of the multiphase flow. Based on it, we can better design and administer the multiphase flow pipelines. These days, there are many technology worth while research about the techniques calculation and simulation method .Because of these, much content were researched in this paper, including thermal properties models of fluid, the method to divide the flowing type, multiphase flow models, constitutive equations and so on. At the same time, We designed, on-line simulation system and developed off-line simulation software of multiphase flow. All in all, several parts were discussed in this paper:At the first part, thermal properties models of the hydrocarbon fluids were gotten by researching thermal properties of the hydrocarbon fluid which we used. In this paper, thermal properties models which about the wet natural gas, oil-gas two phase, oil-gas-water three phase mixture fluids were discussed.At the second part, the detailed methods about the oil-gas two phase pipelines of horizontal, incline and vertical were provided by experiment and flow mechanistic analysis. Oil-water two phase and oil-gas-water three phase flow pattern dividing methods were provided in the horizontal and vertical pipelines.At the third part, based on the basic differential equation of the multiphase flow, all kinds of flow models were acquired by the different assumption condition. The author provided the arithmetic method to every sort models. It was the base to techniques calculate. At the same time, through these models and arithmetic method, we can compile the multiphase flow pipeline software.At the fourth part, the multiphase flow geometrical models were set up by multiphase pipe flow characteristics. The geometrical variables were analyzed in multiphase pipe flow, the methods of solving the practical flow pattern geometrical variables were summarized. At the same time, the author detailed analyzed slug flow in oil-gas two phase pipelines.At the fifth part, based on the online simulation system of the oil or gas single phase pipeline, the multiphase flow online simulation system was designed. The author detaileddiscussed the method of the numeral signal process which was rarely discussed in storage and transportation researching field. In addition, the off-line simulation software which author developed was also explained in this paper.In a word, the content which including design, calculation and simulation software .about the multiphase mixture transportation were researched in this paper. Some theoretic and analysis methods were developed. The theoretical researching and applied significations to other multiphase mixture transportation techniques analysis system.更多还原