【作者】 王爱民；

【导师】 刘文斌； 王恬；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验分两阶段，在第一阶段：均重60.0g左右300尾的异育银鲫鱼种随机分为五组，即Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组，每组设三个重复。Ⅰ为对照组，饲喂基础日粮，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ为试验组，分别在基础日粮添加“八宝威”复合酶制剂250mg／kg、500mg／kg、750mg／kg、1000mg／kg，饲喂120天(2002．3．18—2002．7．15)。在第二阶段：均重5.0克120尾的异育银鲫夏花随机分为两组，即对照组和试验组，每组设两个重复，对照组饲喂基础日粮，而试验组在基础日粮上添加500mg／kg“八宝威”酶制剂，饲养57天。两阶段的试验结果表明： 1．外源酶有促进异育银鲫夏花的绒毛数量、绒毛高度、柱状细胞高度增加，使肠壁变薄的趋势，而对鱼种肠道形态无显著影响。 2．外源酶对异育银鲫鱼种肠道酶活性有一定影响，对中肠酶活性及肝胰脏淀粉酶有显著的促分泌作用，而对肝胰脏却有显著的抑制作用，对其淀粉酶有显著促进作用，而对前肠和后肠酶活性无显著影响；添加500mg／kg外源酶明显促进夏花的肠道内源蛋白酶分泌，而对其肠道淀粉酶及肝胰脏内源酶无显著影响。 3．添加外源酶能有效地改善异育银鲫对干物质、蛋白质及磷的消化吸收，其中以对改善磷的利用率最显著，以添加500mg／kg～750mg／kg为佳，但超过750mg／kg时消化率有下降趋势。 4．添加外源酶对异育银鲫鱼种背肌粗蛋白沉淀有显著促进作用，而对异育银鲫鱼种肝胰脏粗蛋白及异育银鲫夏花鱼体营养组成无显著影响。 5．外源酶影响异育银鲫鱼种对食糜的排空速度，随着外源酶添加量的增加，其排空速度有加快趋势，缩短了营养物质在在肠道中的滞留时间。 6．添加外源酶对异育银鲫夏花肠体比、肝体比无显著影响，说明外源酶对异育银鲫的肠长、肝重无显著作用。 7．在异育银鲫饲料中添加500～750mg／kg外源酶制剂显著促进了异育银鲫的生长，而添加过量，外源酶则抑制异育银鲫生长。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was divided into two stages.In the frist stage, three hundred Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings (average weight 60.0 g) was divided into five groups randomly,namely I, II ,III, IV and V group, everyone of which had three duplicates. The I group was contrast,fed with basic diet,the others were tested groups,fed with the basic diet added 250mg/kg,500mg/kg,750rng/kg and 1000mg/kg "kemzeme" preparation respectively. Raised for 120 days, the results showed the amount of 500mg/kg "kemzeme" preparation was best in all groups. Then in the second stage, the group with the amount of 500mg/kg "kemzeme" preparation in the basic diet was designed campared with the contrast in the feed for the frys of Allogynogentic crucian carp. 120 Allogynogenetic crucian carp frys (average weight 5.0 g) was divided two groups, namely the contrast and the tested group. Every one had two duplicates, the contrast was fed with basic diet, the tested one fed with 500 mg/kg "kemzeme" preparation in the basic diet., the second stage lasted 57 days. The results of the whole experiment showed:1. The effect of exogenous enzymes on the intestinal morphology of Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings wao no significant. There was a tendency to increase the number of musoca, height of musoca, the height of columnar cell and make wall thickness and width of musoca decline when added the amount of 500pmm exogenous enzymes in the basic diet for Allogynogenetic crucian carp frys, which improved the development of the intestine.2. The effect of exogenous enzymes on the foregut, midgut, hind-gut and hepatic-pancreas of Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings was a little significant, among which it was significant on the digestive enzymes in mid-gutand amylase in hepatic-pancreas,but it was no sinficant on the digestive enzymes in foregut and hindgut of Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings .The amount of 500mg/kg exogenous enzymes added in the Allogynogenetic crucian carp frys diet made up for the lack of endogenous enzymes activity clearly, and promoted the endogenous enzymes to excrete,but there was no significant for amylase of intestine and heptic-pancreas enzymes .3. It was effective for Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings to improve the digestivibility of the nutrition when the exogenous enzymes was added in the Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings diet, among which the effect of p was significant and the amount of exogenous enzymes between 500mg/kg and 750mg/kg, when the added amount was over 750mg/kg, there was a tendency to make the digestivibility decline4. There was no significant for the effect of exogenous enzymes on the body composition of Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings and frys.5. The effect of exogenous enzymes on the intestine length/body length and liver weight /body weight of Allogynogenetic crucian carp frys was no significant, which showed that the exogenous enzymes did not significantly affect the intestine length and hepatic-pancreas weight.6. The exogenous enzymes affected the velocity of evacuation of the Allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerlings, and there has a tendency to quicken its velocity when the amount became larger, which reduced the time for nutrition to stady in the intestine.7. Exogenous enzymes with the amount between 500mg/kg and 750mg/kg can significantly enchance the Allogynogenetic crucian carp to grow, but when the amount was over 750mg/kg, it will inhibite Allogynogenetic crucian carp to grow.更多还原