【作者】 芮晟；

【导师】 姚成；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 应用化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 猫爪草系毛莨科植物小毛莨（Ranunculus ternatus Thunb）的块根，用于瘰病、淋巴结核；注射液对小鼠S180，S37癌株有抑制作用，煎剂对痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、四联球菌等均有显著抑制作用,收载于1995年版中国药典。通过气相色谱—质谱法首次对猫爪草的酯类和甾醇类成分进行了测定，结果发现其中含有1－醋酸甘油酯、胆固醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、萘、十八烷酸、亚油酸乙酯、十六烷酸丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和豆甾烯醇、谷甾醇乙酯、十五烷酸乙酯、二氧呱嗪、三十二烷、黄酮葡萄糖甙等未曾报道的物质。此外，还发现了Isochapin B和Lucenin 2高氧化物和Junipene高不饱和化合物、2,5-piperazinedione,3-methyl、Hexamide,N-(Z,hydroxymethyl)、6,11-Dihydro-5H-Benzolcarbazolic等含N有机物，这些有机物可能是由氨基酸而来，可能有一定的抑菌、抗肿瘤作用.利用气相色谱法对猫爪草中发现的甾醇类的胆固醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇；脂肪酸类的、硬脂酸、油酸、软脂酸；游离的葡萄糖、乳糖、麦芽糖采用衍生化气相色谱法的方法进行了测定。结果表明，猫爪草中的甾醇以豆甾醇，豆甾烯醇最多，菜油甾醇次之。从分析的结果看，C21结构的甾(C21－steroide)含量较高。以乙酸酯形式存在的甾醇较多，而长链的有机酸酯较少。由此可以推测甾醇类物质在猫爪草中，多以甾甙或短链脂肪酸形式存在的较多。猫爪草中的脂肪酸以硬脂酸最多，油酸次之。从有机酸含碳数来看，猫爪草中的长碳链成分多，含量高。特别是作为油脂的典型脂肪酸－软脂酸（十六烷酸）、硬脂酸（十八烷酸）、油酸较多。糖类中，游离的葡萄糖最多。从猫爪草中的糖含量来看，各地猫爪草的总糖含量均较高。可能是由于较高的总糖含量保证了根的储存作用。而葡萄糖的高含量表明根在合成与分解淀粉上起的作用。利用分光光度法对猫爪草中的总糖进行了测定，结果表明猫爪草中的总糖含量约30％，含量较高，与猫爪草作为根，储存营养和代谢物质的作用相同。通过对中药使用理论和生物化学人体内物质、能量是密切平衡相关的理解，认识到调整人体中的某一个反应，可能就会对相关的反应造成影响。因而单纯从单一化合物的角度看无法把握中药的实质。通过结合红外图谱对中药的图谱，可以对中药的整体把握。并以此为依据，用红外图谱法研究了不同产地猫爪草，对所得的峰和不同产地猫爪草中图谱的差异，给出了解释。更多还原

【Abstract】 The root of Radix Ranunculi Ternati has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of some diseases，like tuberculosis。Some researcher believe that is caused by some chemical component changed the RNA translation. By using GAS chromatograph and Mass spectrum, especially the derivative method, We have successfully identified some component that never reported before. Here is a list: Cholesterol、Campesterol、Stigmasterol and Stigmasterol derivative、1,2,3-propanetriol,1-acetate、Naphthanene、2,5-piperazinedione,3-methyl、Junipene、Docriaxontane、Tetraneurin-A-Diol、Hexadecanoic acid,2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester、Hexadecanoic acid、9,12-Octadecadienoic acid,(Z,Z)、7-Methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol,acetate、1,2-benzendicarboxylic acid,butyl 8-methylnonyl ester、Isochapin B、Lucenin 2、Hexadecanoic acid,1-(hydromethyl)-1,2-ethanmediyl ester、Flavone 4-OH,5-OH,7-dl-glucoside、Linoleic acid,ethyl ester、(-Sitosterol acetate、Stigmastan-3,5-dien。Some component have antibacterial and eliminate inflammation effect.Saccharinity is also one of the major component inside the root of Radix Ranunculi Ternati.It was confirmed by using spectrophotometer. We have found that almost 30 percent of the root was made by sugar. The reason of high concentration,by learning bioloy,is accumulate of nutritious. With derivative GC method, concentration of Some component like Cholesterol、Campesterol、Stigmasterol and (-Sitosterol acetate、Stigmastan-3,5-dien,have been measured. Also, Hexadecanoic acid、Linoleic acid and other fatty acid, glucose、lactose、maltose were measured . Although some component were reasoned to be the bio-effective component. Chinese Doctor Take the overall situation in order to help the patients. So we should separate the chemical material from connected biological reaction. In order to master the different side，We using infrared spectrum. We also using the root of Radix Ranunculi Ternati from different site to get the difference. We also give some reason of the difference.更多还原