【作者】 余萍；

【导师】 曹海晶；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 经济法学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 诈骗是一种古老的犯罪。随着市场经济的建立，又出现了一种利用经济合同进行诈骗的新型犯罪，犯罪分子利用经济社会的合同契约和人们对合同法制的信仰，采取虚构事实、假冒主体等手段，大肆进行经济诈骗活动，侵犯了社会主义市场经济秩序和法律所保护的公私财产所有权，给我国的经济建设带来了严重的破坏。1997年刑法典将该犯罪行为正式确定为合同诈骗罪。本文对合同诈骗罪的犯罪构成和一般认定进行了研究，在此基础上提出了对合同诈骗罪的犯罪预防。全文约2万6千字。 合同诈骗罪是指以非法占有为目的，在签订、履行合同过程中虚构事实、隐瞒真相、骗取对方当事人财物数额较大的行为。对合同诈骗罪的犯罪构成进行分析，作者认为合同诈骗罪侵犯的已经不是简单客体，而是复杂客体，即不仅侵犯了公私财产所有权，而且更严重的是侵害了社会主义市场经济秩序。合同诈骗罪侵犯的对象是公私财产，因为所有权的物质表现只能是具体的公私财产，它包括公共财产和私人所有的合法财产。作者讨论了合同诈骗罪客观方面的三种形式要素，行为人一般采取欺骗手段虚构事实或隐瞒真相，使对方当事人陷入错误，“自愿”地与行为人签订合同或履行合同义务，从而骗取数额较大地财物。犯罪主体不仅可为自然人，也可以是单位，实践中表现出大量的法人或非法人组织利用经济合同实施诈骗犯罪的情况。犯罪的主观方面强调了无论是自然人为主体或是单位为主体的合同诈骗罪都必须具备以非法占有为目的的主观故意。 在对合同纠纷、合同诈欺等行为进行分析和研究的基础上，作者提出了合同诈骗罪在一般认定问题上的个人观点和看法，认为应从两个方面来把握，即主观上是否具有非法占有公私财物的目的，客观上是否在此目的指导⑧硕士学位论文MA盯ER，5 THESIS下实施了合同诈骗的行为。合同诈骗罪之所以从诈骗罪中分离出来，是因为合同诈骗罪在犯罪主体、犯罪客体、犯罪行为的具体方式等方面与诈骗罪有着不同的特点。从刑法理论上说，合同诈骗罪与普通诈骗罪是特别法与普通法的法条竞合关系，即合同诈骗罪是(普通)诈骗罪的一种特殊情况。因此，合同诈骗罪与诈骗罪、贷款诈骗罪、集资诈骗罪等有着不同的犯罪构成和区别。 结合当前合同诈骗罪出现和蔓延的现状，作者对这一现象的原因进行了分析，总结了七个方面的原因并分析了其特点，认为，合同一咋骗罪的诈骗方式一般以合法的外在形式出现，且表现出多样化，呈现出职业性、隐蔽性强等特点。针对这些问题作者提出了五个方面加强预防合同诈骗犯罪行为的措施:一是提高市场主体的缔约能力、防诈骗能力，加强自我防范;二是做好市场主体有关信息的公开:三是提高刑罚的确定性和及时性，加大对合同诈骗犯罪的打击力度;四是提高商业道德，重建市场信用;五是增进国际间的司法交流与合作，惩治和预防跨国合同诈骗犯罪。更多还原

【Abstract】 The defraut is an anciant crime. With the dependence of the market economy, a new crime of taking advantage of economical contract is arising again. The crimers depend on the contract deed of economy society and the faith of contract legal system, by means of adopting affricative the fact, passing themselves off as main body, going on the economical defraud frenziedly. These behaviours violate socialist marketplace order and the ownership right of the public and the private protecting by the law. which seriously destroy the structure of economy in our country. The crime of contract fraud is a new accusation that has been set up by the revised Criminal Law in 1997. This article has approached thoroughly some questions about the crime of contract fraud on the base of combining theory with practice. There are twenty-six thousands Chinese characters in the whole article.The crime of contract fraud is the behaviors, which act for the order of occupying with illegal way, fabricate the factor hold back the real facts, or gain the party’s belongings by cheating in the signing a contract or carrying out it. On analyzing the constitution of the crime of contract fraud, the author considers the object of this crime is complex, but not simple. That means the crime not only violates the ownership right of the public and the private, but also encroach seriously to the socialist marketplace order. The targets that the crime of contract fraud violates are the property owning to the public and the private. Because the experision of substance only lies on specific belongings of the public and the private, it includes all the legal properties who owns. The three form factors of the crime of contract fraud on the objective aspects have been discussed. The subject ofthis crime adopts just like cheating skill, fabricating the fact, holding back the real facts. The party of opposite side is leading to mistake, who signs a contract or carries out voluntarily with the other one, is deceived a large mount of belongings. The subject of the crime not only acts as the nature, but also the unit .It expresses so many the Legal Person or the Other Organizations except Legal Person using economy contract. The subjective of the crime stresses the subjective intention having to possess something with illegal way for aims, whose subject of the crime of contract fraud is the nature or the unit.On the base of analyzing and researching the behaviors of the dispute arid the cheat of the contract, the auther draws the individual conclusion and view on sopposing the crime of contract fraud generally. The auther thinks that should be understand by two sides. One is from his objective aspect to occupy the public and the private belongings, the other is from the subjective aspect to put into effect under the contract fraud guiding on the aim. The reason why the crimes of contract fraud depart from the fraud is the crimes of contract fraud has different characters on the Subject of crime, the Object of crime, the Dangerous act, etc. from the fraud. From the criminal law theory, the relationship between the crimes of contract fraud and the fraud is issues overlapping on the special law and the normal law. That means the crimes of contract fraud is a special fraud. So the constitution of the crimes of contract fraud is different from the fraud, the loan fraud, the financial fraud.In the light of the situation about the crimes of contract fraud arising and spreading at present, the auther analyes the reasons on the phenomenon, draws out seven reasons and discloses their charaters. The auther thinks the appearance of the crimes of contract fraud is legal, verious, professional and concealtive generally.In view of this situations, the auther gives five rules on strengthening to prevent the crimes of contract fraud. The first is to emprove the abilities of the marketplace subject on establishing contract, preventing fraud, enhancing to prevent oneself. The second is to do best in opening the messages about the marketplace subject. The t更多还原