【作者】 段崇英；

【导师】 周凤琴；

【作者基本信息】 山东中医药大学 ， 中药学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 目的 瓜蒌为山东重要的道地药材，是国家科技部在山东进行GAP研究的3种重要中药材之一。仁瓜萎是山东栽培瓜蒌的优良农家品种，也是GAP研究的首选品种。本专题系统的研究和考察了仁瓜蒌的生药学特征；不同产地、不同加工方法对仁瓜蒌水分、灰分含量的影响；测定了仁瓜蒌中重金属和农药残留的含量；测定了仁瓜蒌的浸出物和糖类成分的含量，并重点研制了仁瓜蒌的红外指纹图谱。旨在为建立瓜GAP标准和药材的质量评价提供科学的资料与依据。 方法 按照《中国药典》的规定，对山东仁瓜蒌的水分、灰分、浸出物的进行了含量测定；采用生药学方法、扫描电镜、共聚焦显微镜等对仁瓜蒌药材进行了外观质量和组织特征的鉴别和研究；采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了重金属的含量；依据GB／T5009.19-1996，GB／T5009.20-1996农药残留量的测定方法测定了仁瓜蒌样品中农药残留量；采用蒽酮比色法测定了糖类成分的含量；采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法，对仁瓜蒌进行了红外指纹图谱的研究。 结论 通过对仁瓜蒌生药学的研究，制定了仁瓜蒌的优质外观质量标准，通过对水分、灰分、重金属、农药残留、浸出物、糖类成分的分析测定，结果表明，仁瓜萎采收以9月份为宜；药材干燥以烘干法为佳，仁瓜蒌的重金属及农药残留量均低于国内外有关标准；浸出物及糖类成分含量比较高，与糖瓜蒌相接近，高于地瓜蒌，证明仁瓜萎为山东优质、安全的瓜蒌品种。根据研制出的红外指纹图谱，可以进行仁瓜蒌药材的真伪鉴别以及内在质量的优劣评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE Fructus Trichosanthis is an important Geo-authentic medicinal material in Shan Dong.It is one of the three Traditional Chinese Medicines on GAP studies in Shan Dong from Ministry of Science and Technology of China.Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis is an excellent farmhouse clutivars in Shan Dong.lt is also the chiefly variety of the study on GAP.This special subject probed into the pharmacognosy characters of Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis and the relation between different processing methods and the water,ash contents.lt is determined the contents of heavy metal and presticide remainder quality.lt is also determined the contents of the extracts and carbohydate components,and emphasisly invented the IR fingerprint of Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis .The purpose of this thesis is to provide scientific data to establish GAP criteria and system of the quality evaluation of Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis.MEHTODS The water,ash and extracts contents of Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis were measured according to the Pharmacopoeia of the Peple’s Republic of China (2000 Edition).Methods of Pharmacoghosy,Scanny electron microscope,Scanning confocal microscope were used to study the quality of appearance and character of issue.Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was adopted to determine the contents of heavy metal.Methods of GB/T5009.19-1996,GB/T5009.20-1996 presticide remainder quality’s determination was used to measure the presticide remainder quality.Anthrone colorimety method was adoped to measure the contents of carbohydate components.The FT-IR was used to invent the fingerprint of the Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis.RESULTS According to the pharmacognosy study of Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis,thegood appearance quality standard was established. According to the analysis and determination of water,ash,heavy metals, presticide remainder quality,extracts and carbohydate components,the results showed that the harvest period of Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis in Suptember was appropriate, the process of being dried in the oven was the best,the contents of heavy metal and presticide remainder quality were lower than domestic and foreign relative standards, the contents of the extracts and carbohydate components were as same as Tang- Fructus Trichosanmis’s,and higer than Di- Fructus Trichosanthis’s .According to the IR fingerprint,the discrimination of the true and the fake, and the quality evaluation of the inferior and the prior of the Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis could be carred out.The result proved that Ren-Fructus Trichosanthis was a high-quality,secure variety in Shan Dong.更多还原