上市公司会计信息披露问题研究

【作者】 曹东凯；

【导师】 李玉萍；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 企业管理， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 信息披露是证券市场的核心。目前信息披露质量低下严重影响了证券市场配置资本资源的效率。解决信息披露中存在的问题，提高信息披露质量，对促进证券市场的健康发展有重要的意义。 本文主要以上市公司会计信息披露为研究对象，首先运用经济学的供求理论与产权理论，说明了影响信息供求的因素和虚假信息披露的成因。通过对目前投资者使用披露信息情况进行分析，论文指出，目前信息披露中最主要的质量问题是会计信息造假严重，信息缺乏可靠性；其次，信息缺乏可理解性。论文进一步证明，会计信息造假严重的原因为：第一，非流通股占控股地位，使得公司治理失效。第二，审计市场竞争激烈、挂靠体制影响、约束法规不健全，使得注册会计师缺乏审计独立性。第三，会计信息造假收益巨大，缺乏约束虚假信息披露的法规，使得其造假成本很低，因而屡禁不止。而信息缺乏可理解性，一方面是因为部分会计信息过于专业化，另一方面是由于投资者，尤其是个人投资者获得信息和理解信息的能力很差。 针对信息缺乏可靠性问题，论文主要提出5点建议：第一，国有股减持有助于改善公司治理情况。要以当前股东为减持对象，公司资产净值为定价基础，渐进的进行。第二，新上市的股份要全部流通。第三，建立完善虚假信息披露的民事责任。增强法律的“预防性”、“预见性”，并实行“案例法”的原则。第四，培育寡占型的审计市场结构。第五，建立“声誉机制”。针对信息缺乏可理解性问题，论文主要提出3点建议：第一，培养权威的证券专业研究机构。第二，改善信息披露的形式。第三，普及互联网的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Information Disclosure (ID) is the core of Securities Market, and its present low quality has impeded the efficiency of capital resources allocation greatly. Hence solving the problems existing in ID and improving its quality has great meanings.The paper analyzes ID System by the economics theories of Supply-Demand and Property-Right, articulates the impact factors of accounting information supply-demand and roots of counterfeiting accounting information.According to the study of survey data, the paper points out that the present main quality problems existing in ID are lack of reliability and understandability. Unreliability results from the invalid corporate governance, from the CPA lacking audit independence and from the low cost of counterfeiting accounting information. Shortness of understandability derives form the over-professionalization in ID and from the investors’ poor ability to use it.To solve the unreliability problem, the paper offers 5 suggestions: First, take the present shareholders as object, price the state owned stock based on the net assets value, gradually reduce it. Second, circulate all the fresh listed stock. Third, establish and perfect the civil responsibility of counterfeiting information. Fourth, cultivate the monopoly market structure. Fifth, build the reputation system.To solve the shortness of understandability, the paper presents 3 suggestions: First, cultivate the authoritative security research institute. Second, ameliorate the ID form. Third, widespread the application of internet to the ID.更多还原