【作者】 朱娟；

【导师】 毕克新；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 企业要想在激烈的市场竞争中获得生存和发展，就必须不断地创新，及时开发生产新产品，更好的满足用户的需求，取得市场竞争的有利地位。因此，产品创新是企业生存和发展的内在要求，是市场竞争的客观需要，也是技术进步的必然选择。在市场经济发展中，中小企业占有相当重要的地位与作用，它不仅是国民经济发展的重要增长点，而且创造了大量的就业机会和技术创新成果。随着经济全球化进程的加快及我国加入“WTO”后，中小企业在产品创新过程中将面临着许许多多的影响因素，要加强对中小企业产品创新状况的管理，使企业科学地定位自身的产品创新状态，对其进行正确的评价与分析就很有必要。由于我国中小企业产品创新研究起步较晚，因而对我国中小企业产品创新测度与评价研究还较少，本文正是出于对这方面研究需要的考虑，研究中小企业产品创新测度与评价。本文首先综述了中小企业产品创新测度与评价的研究现状及发展趋势，接着对中小企业产品创新理论进行分析，并发现中小企业产品创新研究所存在的问题。作者在奥斯陆手册推荐的原理和方法的基础上，结合现代产品创新趋势，构建了中小企业产品创新测度与评价指标体系。针对中小企业产品创新测度与评价问题，本文应用遗传算法，并通过模糊积分与层次分析法相结合来构建基于模糊积分的综合评价方法。应用层次分析法计算各层面的权重，采用改进的遗传算法来辨识模糊测度，用模糊测度来处理每个层面中评价指标之间的相关性，并利用模糊积分进行综合评价值的计算，以提高评价结果的正确性与可接受度。通过对黑龙江省20个中小企业的实证分析，提出提高中小企业产品创新能力的对策与建议。本文通过对我国中小企业产品创新研究及进行测度与评价，一方面可使企业了解企业竞争实力，从而采取有效的策略，不断促进产品创新活动的有序发展；另一方面也有利于政府把握产品创新活动规律，为制定相关经济政策提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 If enterprises want to survive and develop in the fierce market competition, they need to develop and produce new products in time and continuously to meet customers’ demands, and only by doing so can they gain a favorable foothold in the market. Thus, product innovation is the inherent request of enterprises as long as they survive and develop, and also the demand of the market competition, the inevitable choice of technological progress. In the development of market-oriented economy, small and medium enterprises occupy a quite important position, not only they are the significant growth part of national economic development, but also they create a large number of employment opportunities and technology innovation achievements. As economic globalization speeding up and our country entering WTO, small and medium enterprises will face a lot of influential factors in the process of product innovation. In order to strengthen the management of product innovation activities and to make small and medium enterprises positioning their product innovation in a scientific way, it is very necessary to evaluate and analyze product innovation. Since study on product innovation of small and medium enterprises starts late in our country, the amount of the research on measuring and evaluating product innovation is relatively small. Taking this into consideration, this paper deals with measuring and evaluating product innovation of small and medium enterprises.At first, this dissertation summarizes the current situation and development trend of measuring and evaluating product innovation in small and medium enterprises, it studies and analyzes the theory on product innovation for small and medium enterprises. On the basis of principles and methods in Oslu manual, combining the modern innovation trend, this paper builds up an index system of product innovation measurement and evaluation. And to solve the problem of evaluating product innovation of small and medium enterprises, this dissertation uses<WP=9>genetic algorithm and estimates fuzzy integral comprehensive appraisal method through combining fuzzy integral and analytic hierarchy process. In order to improve the accurateness and acceptability of the evaluating results, this method uses analytic hierarchy process to compute the weight of the first hierarchy criteria, identifies λ-fuzzy measure by using improved genetic algorithm and adopts fuzzy integral to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value. Through the empirical analysis of 20 sample enterprises in HeiLongJiang province, the dissertation proposes suggestions and advice on how to improve product innovation in small and medium enterprises.By studying on product innovation of small and medium enterprises in our country, this dissertation enables enterprises to know their own competitive ability so that they can take effective strategies to continuously promote the development of product innovation, and it is also convenient for government to control the product innovation pattern, and provides a foundation for government to draft relevant economic policies.更多还原